144 0/2 the Hessian Fly, 



more damaged than that soivn later, this year generally- 

 sowed later in the season than before, and being much 

 discouraged by the crops of the two preceding years 

 failing, put in but little ground with wheat, but chiefly 

 sowed rye, which the fly has as yet damaged very little : 

 and the yellow bearded wheat being introduced, was 

 generally sown on the best grounds well manured. This 

 wheat was brought from Long Island in New York, to 

 which place it was introduced from the southern states, 

 and was said to be proof against the insect, from its hav- 

 ing a very hard stalk, and beginning to grow earlier in 

 the spring than that variety they had been accustomed 

 to sow. 



1789. The fall and winter of 1788 and spring of 1789, 

 being very favourable, the wheat fields appeared very 

 promising; the insects not doing much damage, except 

 in some low, warm and sheltered situations : and the har- 

 vest, though not extraordinary, was good when compared 

 to that of preceding years. 



1790. In the autumn of 1789 the wheat was sown 

 very late, and the winter being unfavourable for winter 

 grain, in the spring of 1790 it made a very unpromising 

 appearance, and the yellow bearded wheat was found not 

 to be proof against the insect : the harvests in general 

 were light. 



This insect was first discovered on or near Long Island, 

 in the state of New York, from whence they spread ra- 

 pidly, and was in the year 1797, found west of the Alleg- 

 heny mountains. From their apparent progress through 

 the country, they advanced about 30 miles in one summer. 



Having so far marked the progress of this insect, and 

 their destructive operations upon the wheat, I will go 

 into a more particular account of them, their economy 

 and destructive process. 



Their principal emigrations appear to be after harvest, 



