On the Hessian Fly, 151 



tumn, and thereby be better enabled to stand the win- 

 ter. If the ground be well manured just before the last: 

 ploughingr, it will keep the plants warm, and enable them 

 to resist the frost, and make an early growth in the spring; 

 but if laid on much earlier, the putrefactive process which 

 takes place in the dung and generates much warmth, 

 will be nearly over before winter, at which time it is most 

 necessary to cherish the young plants, and enable them 

 to resist the inclemency of the winter frosts. 



2d. The variety of wheat. 



It is found that nearly all plants removed from a 

 southern latitude to one more northerly, begin to grow 

 earlier in the spring than those plants habited to such 

 northern latitude, to which those of the more southern 

 are removed. From this it may be concluded, that seed 

 wheat brought from the southern states will make an 

 earlier growth than that brought from the northward, 

 which really happens, for the yellow bearded wheat was 

 brought from Maryland to New \ ork, and from thence 

 carried to other parts where the fly appeared. The 

 white Sicilian wheat was likewise from a southern lati- 

 tude ; both which varieties make an earlier growth in 

 the spring than the yellow wheat formerly sown. But 

 much depends on the wheat getting an early growth in 

 the spring, for if the plants have shot up the stalks to the 

 height of eight or ten inches, before the insect appears 

 in the caterpillar state, it is out of danger, the stalk having 

 attained such a degree of hardness that the insect can 

 make little or no impression on it. Therefore it u ill be 

 better to procure seed wheat from the southern states, 

 and of such varieties as make an early growth in the 

 spring. 



3d. The time of sowing. 



This is treated under the first head ; but as it is a mat- 

 ter of the greatest consequence to determine precisely 



