428 RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA. 



Chowchilla, Cabuilla, Suscol, Suisim, Cosumnes, Temecula, 

 Temascal, Jurupa, Petaluma, Tomales, Yreka, Ukiah, Cuyama, 

 Cocomongo, Mayacmas, Bolbones, Guilicos, Huidiica, and 

 Hoopah. Most of these are the names of tribes of Indians. 

 The Mokelumne, Tuolumne, Chowchilla, Cahuilla, and Cosum- 

 nes Rivers were called by the Spaniards el Rio de los Moque- 

 lumnes, el Rio de ]os Tuolumnes, etc. The second syllable of 

 Moquelumne was changed by the Americans, to be spelled 

 with a/:, which has the same sound as qu before e in Spanish. 

 Cahuilla is sometimes vulgarly spelled "Kaweah" by Ameri- 

 cans, who thus represent the Spanish pronunciation as nearly 

 as possible. Klamatli and Shasta w^ere formerly written "Tla- 

 math" and " Tshastl." Sonoma, by some persons written " Zo- 

 noma" in early times, is an Indian word meaning "valley 

 of the moon." Temascal means an Indian sweat-house. So- 

 lano is a Spanish word meaning the south wind, but Solano 

 county was so called after the chief of the Suisun tribe of In- 

 dians. I have not been able to learn whether his name was 

 given to him by the Sp;miards, or was of Indian origin. Marin 

 county was also named after an Indian chief. Yreka is a cor- 

 ruption of Wi-e-kah, which means whiteness, and is the Indian 

 name of Mount Shasta, at the foot of which the town is situated. 

 § 303. Ainerican Names. — Now we come to the American 

 names. Towns are named after Jackson, Washington, Lafay- 

 ette, and Stockton (the last was in command of the American 

 navy on this coast during the Mexican war). Bigler, one of 

 the governors of the state, has been immortalized by having 

 his name affixed to a lake. The patronymics of Alexander 

 Humboldt and J. A. Sutter are affixed to counties. Trinity 

 River was so named because the white men who discovered it 

 in the mountains, supposed it emptied into the bay of Trinidad, 

 which had been discovered by the Spimiards several centuries 

 ago. Marys ville was first called Yubaviile, and then named 

 after Mrs. Mary Covilland, one of the founders of the place. 

 Among the pioneer miners of Calaveras county were Murphy, 

 Angel, and Carson, and they became the eponyms (to use a 



