476 APPENDIX. 



by Oregon and the Pacific ocean. The boundary-line, start- 

 ing from the intersection of the forty-ninth parallel with the 

 sliore of the Gulf of Georgia, runs due east to the summit 

 of the Rocky mountains, the line of which it follows gener- 

 ally southeast to latitude 43°, longitude 1]0° ; thence due south 

 to latitude 42° ; thence due west to a point due south of the 

 mouth of the Owhyhee River, longitude 117° ; thence north to 

 i'.ie mouth of that river, and with the Snake river to the point 

 where the stream is crossed by the forty-sixth parallel; with 

 that parallel west to the Columbia, and with that river to the 

 ocean ; w4th the shore of the ocean north to the straits of Fuca ; 

 thence enst with the shore of the straits and northeast through 

 tlie mitldle of the channel of the Gulf of Georgia to the place 

 of beginning. There is a dispute between the United States 

 and Great Britain about the boundary in the Gulf of Georgia. 

 The American government claims that the " channel" meant 

 by the treaty of 1846 is the channel then chiefly if not ex- 

 clnsWgly used by shipping, namely, the westernmost chan- 

 nel ; whereas the British government claims that Rosario chan- 

 nel, east of the islands of San Juan or Bellevue, Orcus, and 

 Lopez, and several others of minor importance, is the boun- 

 dary. The total amount of land in dispute is about one hun- 

 dred and twenty thousand acres, valuable for tillage, and 

 perhaps for the protection or prevention of smuggling, but of 

 no use for military or legitimate commercial purposes. The 

 Territory is five hundred and fifty miles from east to west, in 

 latitude 48°, four hundred and eighty miles from north to 

 south, in longitude 114°, and eight hundred and forty miles 

 across from the northwest to the southeast coruer. Area, 

 about two hundred thousand square miles; population in 1860, 

 eleven thousand five hundred and ninety-four, of whom four 

 hundred and twenty-six were civilized Indians, and eight thou- 

 sand four hundred and forty-six were males and three thou- 

 sand one hundred and forty-eight were females. Tlie wild In- 

 dians are variously estimated at ten thousand to thirty thousand 

 There are twenty-two organized counties, viz. : Chehalis, Clal- 

 lam, Clark, Cowlitz, Island, Jefferson, King, Kitsap, Klickatat, 



