28 THE FALL OF THE BIRTH-RATE 



same occupational classification as is used in Table VI 

 above, the total fertility of each class (the average 

 number of children to a family whether surviving or 

 no) as a percentage of the average fertility for all 

 classes together. The marriages are classified accord- 

 ing to duration, and the fertilities, before reducing to 

 percentages, were " standardised " by a process simi- 

 lar to that already described for the birth-rate in 



TABLE VIII. 



(From Stevenson, ref. 12.) Standardised total fer- 

 tility of marriages of various dates in each social 

 class (cf. Table VI), per cent, of the correspond- 

 ing rates for occupied persons of all classes 

 jointly. 



Social Class Agri- 

 Date of Duration ,- * -s Textile Mining culture 



marriage years 1234 567 8 



I9O6-II 0-5 80 92 98 I O2 114 87 1 2O 114 



1901-06 5-10 79 91 98 101 112 86 122 114 



1896-01 10-15 76 89 99 IDT 114 86 125 114 



1891-96 15-20 74 88 99 101 113 88 127 115 



1886-91 20-25 74 87 100 101 H2 90 126 114 



1881-86 25-30 76 89 100 101 no 92 124 114 



1871-81 30-40 81 93 101 101 107 93 117 109 



1861-71 40-50 88 96 101 100 104 94 113 104 



1851-61 50-60 89 99 101 99 103 94 108 105 



order to eliminate the effect of varying age of wife at 

 marriage. Confining our attention first to the classes 

 i to 5 which run in descending order down the social 

 scale, we see that in the case of the marriages of 50 

 to 60 years duration which took place in the decade 

 1851-61, the fertilities only range from n per cent, 

 below to 3 per cent, above the general average, and 

 the figures do not run quite regularly. Class i is 

 clearly, even then, below the general mean; class 2 is 

 only just below, and class 3 is just above ; class 4 is 

 just below again and class 5 just above : the lowness 

 of fertility for the professional class is, in fact, the 



