Qualitative Tests. — 57 
With Borax or S. Ph.—Clear and colorless ; can be 
flamed opaque white. 
IN THE WET WAY. 
1. Alkali carbonates precipitate white BaCOs solu- 
ble in HCl and HNOs. Soluble in acids. 
2. Soluble sulphates and H:SO. precipitate white 
BaS0O:, which is practically insoluble in acids and wa- 
ter. 
Confirm.—By blowpipe test. 
BISMUTH, Bi. 
WITH THE BLOWPIPE. 
On Coal.—In either flame is reduced to brittle 
metal and yields a volatile coat, dark orange-yellow hot, 
lemon-yellow cold, with yellowish-white border. 
With Bismuth Flux (sulphur, 2 parts; potassic 
iodide, 1 part; potassic bisulphate, 1 part) :—On Plas- 
ter—Bright-scarlet coat surrounded by  chocolate- 
brown with sometimes a reddish border. The brown 
' may be made red by ammonia. (May be obtained by 
heating S. Ph. on the assay.) 
On Coal.—Bright-red coat with sometimes an in- 
ner fringe of yellow. 
_ With 8. Ph.—Dissolved by O. F. and treated on 
coal with tin in R. F. is colorless hot, but blackish gray 
and opaque cold. 
Interfering Elements. 
Antimony.—Treat on coal with boracic acid, and 
treat the resulting slag on plaster with bismuth flux. 
Lead.—Dissolve coat in 8S. Ph., as above. 
IN THE WET WAY. 
1. HS or (NH:):S precipitates brownish-black 
Bi:Ss insoluble in dilute acids, but soluble in strong 
HNOs:. 
2. H:O precipitates from the chloride white BiO 
