Naming Rocks. 151 
stones and clays, and there seems to be no reason to 
doubt that granites are merely altered portions of the 
strata—portions which have been subjected to intense 
heat, movement and pressure. Granites occur either as 
intrusive veins or in hills and masses, varying from a 
small boss up to a large mountain range extending for 
many miles. It has been forced up through the earth’s 
solid crust in a pasty, moist condition, from which, un- 
der varying circumstances, it has consolidated and crys- 
tallized. Granite is always newer or younger than the 
rocks it fissures or overlies; it is easily recognized and 
widely known; they are all visibly crystalline, the feld- 
spar crystals varying from minute flakes up to crystals 
many inches in length. Granite passes into gneiss by 
pressure ; the gneiss is virtually a granite of a schistose 
structure, the component minerals having arranged 
themselves more or less in layers. 
G. = 2.5—2.8. Silica 70—72 p. c. 
Syenyte Granite—A hard compact granite of a dark 
greenish to grayish color, the color resulting from the 
presence of the mineral hornblende, which partly re- 
places the micas. 
Protogine is a softish granite containing pale green 
stains of chlorite and blotches of talc. It is gneiss-like 
in structure. 
LIuzulianyte is a softish flesh-colored granite in 
which the mica is partly replaced by the impure subsili- 
cate of alumina and tourmaline. 
Granityte is a hard granite containing biotite mica 
in considerable quantities. 
Granulyte is a granite, often soft and easily de- 
composed, in which the quartz is very scarce or entirely 
