$2 FIELDS, FACTORIES AND WORKSHOPS. 



territory of England, Wales and Scotland, 418 acres are 

 left under wood, coppice, heath, buildings and so on. 

 We need not find fault with that division, because it 

 depends very much upon natural causes. In France 

 and Belgium one-third of the territory is in like manner 

 also treated as uncultivable, although portions of it are 

 continually reclaimed and brought under culture. But, 

 leaving aside the " uncultivable " portion, let us see what 

 is done with the 582 acres out of 1000 of the "cultiv- 

 able" part (32,777,000 acres in Great Britain). First 

 of all, it is divided into two almost equal parts, and one 

 of them 295 acres out of 1000 is left under " perma- 

 nent pasture," that is, in most cases it is entirely un- 

 cultivated. Very little hay is obtained from it,* and 

 some cattle are grazed upon it. More than one-half of 

 the cultivable area is thus left without cultivation, and 

 the remainder, i.e., 287 acres only out of each 1000 

 acres, is under culture. Out of these last, no acres are 

 under corn crops, twenty-one acres under potatoes, fifty- 



Uncultivable area : Acres. 



England 7,481,000 



Wales 1,885,000 



Scotland ....... 14,314,000 



Great Britain 23,680,000 



Cultivable area : 



Great Britain ......... 32,777,500 



Out of it, under : 



Permanent pasture 16,610,563 



Clover and mature grasses 4,729,801 



Corn crops and potatoes (541,217 acres) .... 7,400,227 



Green crops 3,225,762 



Bare fallow, etc 475,650 



Hops 5 8 i94 



Small fruit 74.547 



Flax 2,023 



Under culture (including permanent pasture giving hay) . 16,166,950 



Out of the 6,879,825 acres given to corn crops, 1,417,641 acres were 

 under wheat; 2,166,279 under barley, and 3,225,905 under oats. 



* Only from each eighty-five acres, out of these 295, hay is obtained, 

 The remainder are grazing grounds. 



