1 88 FIELDS, FACTORIES AND WORKSHOPS. 



of them indulge in jingo talk about crushing all foreign 

 industries out of competition, while the others see in 

 technical education nothing but a means of somewhat 

 improving the flesh-machine of the factory and of trans- 

 ferring a few workers into the upper class of trained 

 engineers. 



Such an ideal may satisfy them, but it cannot satisfy 

 those who keep in view the combined interests of sci- 

 ence and industry, and consider both as a means for 

 raising humanity to a higher level We maintain that 

 in the interests of both science and industry, as well 

 as of society as a whole, every human being, without 

 distinction of birth, ought to receive such an education 

 as would enable him, or her, to combine a thorough 

 knowledge of science with a thorough knowledge of 

 handicraft We fully recognise the necessity of 

 specialisation of knowledge, but we maintain that special- 

 isation must follow general education, and that general 

 education must be given in science and handicraft alike. 

 To the division of society into brain-workers and manual 

 workers we oppose the combination of both kinds of 

 activities ; and instead of " technical education," which 

 means the maintenance of the present division between 

 brain work and manual work, we advocate the education 

 integrate, or complete education, which means the dis- 

 appearance of that pernicious distinction. Plainly 

 stated, the aims of the school under this system ought 

 to be the following : To give such an education that, on 

 leaving school at the age of eighteen or twenty, each 

 boy and each girl should be endowed with a thorough 

 knowledge of science such a knowledge as might enable 

 them to be useful workers in science and, at the same 

 time, to give them a general knowledge of what con- 

 stitutes the bases of technical training, and such a skill 

 in some special trade as would enable each of them to 

 take his or her place in the grand world of the manual 

 production of wealth. I know that many will find that 



