CONCLUSION. 2IQ 



of mind that mental cowardice so carefully nurtured in 

 the past. 



For centuries science and so-called practical wisdom 

 have said to man : " It is good to be rich, to be able to 

 satisfy, at least, your material needs ; but the only means 

 to be rich is to so train your mind and capacities as to 

 be able to compel other men slaves, serfs or wage- 

 earners to make these riches for you, ( You have no 

 choice. Either you must stand: in the ranks of the 

 peasants and the artisans who, whatsoever economists 

 and moralists may promise them in the future, are now 

 periodically doomed to starve after each .bad crop or 

 during their strikes, and to be shot down by their own 

 sons the moment they lose patience. Or you must 

 train your faculties so as to be a military commander 

 of the masses, or to be accepted as one of the wheels of 

 the governing machinery of the State, or to become a 

 manager of men in commerce or industry." For many 

 centuries there was no other choice, and men followed 

 that advice, without finding in it happiness, either for 

 themselves and their own children, or for those whom 

 they pretended to preserve from worse misfortunes. 



But modern knowledge has another issue to offer 

 to thinking men. iLtells them that in order to be rich 

 they need not take the bread from the mouths of others ; 

 but that the more rational outcome would be a society 

 in which men, with the work of their own hands and 

 intelligence, and by the aid of the machinery already 

 invented and to be invented, should themselves create 

 all imaginable riches. Technics and science will not be 

 lagging behind if production takes such a direction. 

 Guided by observation, analysis and experiment they will 

 answer all possible demands. They will reduce the 

 time which is necessary for producing wealth to any 

 desired amount, so as to leave to every one as much 

 leisure as he or she may ask for. They surely cannot 

 guarantee happiness, because happiness depends as 



