iv PREFACE 



Practical things, and facts which their other studies have 

 made familiar, are always used for illustration. 



First Year Science is the outgrowth of the effort of a com- 

 mittee of the Los Angeles teachers to make a simple, unified 

 course in General Science for the upper grades of the interme- 

 diate schools and the first year of the high schools. It has 

 been carefully tested in the Los Angeles schools. 



To the other members of this committee, Principal J. B. 

 Lillard of the Gardena Agricultural High School and Princi- 

 pal Ralph C. Daniels of the San Pedro High School, and also 

 to all the teachers of first year science in the intermediate and 

 high schools of Los Angeles who carefully tried out the book 

 in their classes, the author extends grateful acknowledgment. 

 The proof was carefully read by J. M. Sniffen and Claude W. 

 Sandifur, but the author wishes to absolve them from respon- 

 sibility for any errors that may have crept in. Their assistance 



and suggestions were of the greatest service. 



W. H. S. 



OCTOBER, 1914. 



ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF ILLUSTRATIONS 



For all line drawings, H. W. Miles and Miss Yvonne Rob- 

 inson, High School, Hollywood, Cal. 



Paul V. Bacon, Boston, Mass., 11, 133, 157, 318, 432. 

 Brown and Dawson, Stamford, Conn., 287. 



E. C. Chamberlin, San Francisco, 247. 



W. A. Dunn, Principal Polytechnic High School, Los Angeles, 

 76, 79. 



Professor W. A. Fisk, Ontario, Cal., 80, 189, 256, 267, 273, 

 298, 302, 347, 349, 364, 367, 369, 374, 385, 420, 452. 



Joseph Giroux, Hollywood High School, Cal., 78. 



Graham Photo Co., Los Angeles, 254, 259. 



F. M. Hallet, Los Angeles, 177, 251, 255, 268, 269, 406. 

 L. L. Hill, Los Angeles, 245. 



