TABLE OF CONTENTS XI 



CHAPTER PAGE 



15. Life of the Sea ; Fish ; Diatoms; Globigerina . 248 



16. Life of the Land ; Homes 251 



1 7. Distribution of Animals 254 



1 8. Life as Affected by Climate ; Deserts ; Oases . 256 



19. Life on Islands 260 



120. Life as Affected by Man 261 



121. Forestry 262 



122. Flora of the United States 266 



123. Fauna of the United* States 268 



VIII. THE SEA. 



124. The Sea 271 



125. Divisions of the Sea; Atlantic; Pacific; Indian; 



Arctic ; Antarctic ..'... 272 



126. Continental Shelf 272 



127. Composition of Ocean Waters .... 273 



128. Ocean Depths . . . . . . . 275 



129. Condition of the Ocean Floor .... 275 



130. The Carpet of the Ocean Floor . . 276 



131. Waves; Crest; Trough; Wave Motion . . 277 



132. Temperature of Ocean Waters .... 279 



133. The Best-known Ocean Currents; Gulf Stream; 



Japan Current ; Humboldt Current . .281 



1 34. Effects of Ocean Currents . . . . . 283 



135. Tides; Flood; Ebb; Bores . . . . ( . 284 



136. Corals and Coral Islands ; Atolls ... . . 288 



137. Man and the Ocean ; Trade. . >. . . . 289 

 IX. COAST LINES. 



138. Coast Lines . . .-,,.. . 292 



139. Wave Cutting . . .... . . 294 



140. Beaches and Bars ; Spits . >. . . . 296 



141. Final Effect of Wave and Current Action . . 298 



142. Instability of Sea Coasts . . . . .299 



143. Elevated Coast ; Lagoons . . .. . .301 



144. Depressed Coast ; Estuaries . . ,. . . 304 



145. Harbors '> . 307 



146. The Safeguarding of Coasts ; Lighthouses . . 307 



147. The Coast of the United States . . . .309 



148. Influence of Coast Conditions upon Inhabitants; 



Value of Harbors 310 



X. WATER SCULPTURE. 



149. Rainfall 313 



150. The Sphere of Activity of Rain . . . .314 



