TORNADOES AND WATERSPOUTS 



167 



the alphabet. Thus he was able to send words from one 

 station to another. Experiment 87 illustrates how a simple 

 telegraph can be arranged. 



Many improvements have been made since Morse first 

 sent a dispatch between Washington and Baltimore, but 

 his dot-and-dash alphabet and the electro-magnet sounder 

 and the key are still in use. Since 1832, the land has 



WIRELESS TELEGRAPH STATION, Los ANGELES. 



been strung with telegraph wires and the ocean girdled 

 with cables, and now an important event occurring in any 

 part of the earth is known almost instantly in all other 

 parts. The telephone, the wireless telegraph and the wire- 

 less telephone, all electrical devices, have added to the ease 

 of communication so that the whole earth is brought into 

 such close relation that every part knows what all the 

 other parts are doing. No other form of energy which 

 man has discovered is of such diversified usefulness as 

 electricity . 



82. Tornadoes and Waterspouts. Sometimes causes like 

 those which produce a thunder-storm are so strongly 

 developed that the indraft is exceedingly violent and a 



