VIOLA. VIOLACE&. 71 



6-8 lines long not bearded : stigma short-apiculftte, minutely bearded : cap- 

 sule oval, sparingly pubescent or glabrous. On open plains about Oregon 

 City and near Vancouver Washington . 



+ -- Leaves finely dissected, subterranean shoots commonly send- 

 ing up their scapiform peduncles from under the ground. 

 ++ Petals beardless, essentially yellow. 



V. Douglasii Steud. Nona, ii, 771. V. chrysantha Hook, not Schroder* 

 More or less pubescent with short spreading hairs: leaves bipinnatifid 

 with narrow oblong or linear segments ; peduncles equalling or exceeding 

 the leaves, 2-5 inches long: petals 5-9 lines long bright yellow, the upper 

 brown-purple on the outside, the others veined : capsule acute 5 lines long.. 

 In dry soil, southern Oregon to California. 



+* ** Lateral petals bearded : upper deep violet-purple or blue ; 

 lower pale or yellow. 



V. Beckwithii T. & G. Pac. E. Rep. ii, 119, t. 1. Pubescent or 

 puberulent, leaves palmately about thrice 3-parted into linear or spatulate- 

 linear acutish or obtuse lobes, the primary divisions petiolulate : ped- 

 uncles about equalling the leaves : upper petals deep violet purple, the 

 others light, blue or bluish with yellow base, lateral ones short, bearded. 

 California and Nevada to southern Oregon. 



V. Hallii Gray Proc. Am. Acad. yiii, 377. Glabrous : leaves subpin- 

 nately or pedately about twice parted into lanceolate or linear lobes, their 

 tips obtuse or acutish and callous apiculate : peduncles surpassing the 

 leaves: upper petals deep violet, the others yellow or cream-color 6-8 lines 

 long. Gravelly prairies from Salem Oregon, to northern California. 



V. trinervata Ho well in Gray Syn. Fl. i, 201. Glabrous: leaves pe- 

 dately parted, the few divisions lanceolate to almost ovate acute or apicu- 

 late at maturity almost coriaceous strongly 3-nerved, the lateral nerves 

 intermarginal, peduncles longer than the leaves : upper petals dark blue, 

 the others pale blue to white, with a yellow base. Klickitat county, 

 Washington. 



* * * * Caulescent, the few to several -leaved stems erect" from, 

 short or creeping rootstocks : no stolons nor radical flowers : spur short 

 and saccate: lateral petals commonly scantily papillose-bearded: 

 stigma beakless, bearded or pubescent at the sides. 



+- Petals yellow ; stems usually naked at base and few-leaved 

 above. 



V. lofoata Benth.Pl. Hartw. 298. Finely pubescent or glabrous : stems 3- 

 12 inches high from an erect rootstock: leaves reniform to broadly cune- 

 ate in outline 1-4 inches broad shortly petioled more or less deeply palm- 

 ately cleft into 5-9 narrowly oblong to lanceolate lobes, the central lobe 

 usually more elongated, sometimes only coarsely toothed : peduncles not 

 longer than the leaves : petals 6-8 lines long, yellow, the upper brownish 

 purple outside : capsule 5-6 lines long, acute. Southwestern Oregon to 

 southern California. 



V. Brooksii Kell. Cal. Hort. ix, 281. V. lobata var. integrifolia Wat- 

 son Bot. Cal. i,57. Minutely pubescent: stems erect, 4-8 inches high, 

 few-leaved : leaves deltoid or rhombic-ovate, often long-acuminate, cre- 

 nate-serrate, 1-3 inches broad : stipules lanceolate, acute, minutely ciliate, 

 entire or lacerate : flowers few, sepals linear, little if at all auricled : petals, 

 yellow 5-6 lines long. In dry open forests southwestern Oregon and 

 California. . 



V. Canadensis L Sp. ii, 936. Glabrous or slightly pubescent: stems 

 erect leafy, 6-1 2 inches high from branching, ascending rootstocks, leaves 

 cordate and mostly acuminate, denticulate-serrate ; stipules small, nar- 

 row, entire, scarious : petals usually pale violet outside, white with yel- 



