SENECTO COMPOSITE 379 



or somewhat pinnatifid: involucre open-campanulate, 4-5 lines high, of linear 

 acute bracts: rays 8-12, elongated oblong: achenes glabrous, striate. In 

 marshy grounds, Cascade and Rocky Mountains. 



S. elongatns Pursh Fl ii, 529. S. aureus var. borealis T & G. Stems 

 10-20 inches high: leaves thickish; the radical from roundish with abrupt or 

 even truncate base to cuneat-obovate and cuneate spatulate, 6-12 lines long, 

 slender-petioled: cauline seldom much pinnatifid; heads numerous or few, 

 not rarely ray less: achenes glabrous. In the high mountains Brit. Columbia 

 to California and thvi Rocky Mountains. 



S. A dam si. Floccose- woolly below, glabrous above except the axils of 

 the leaves: stems 4-12 inches high: radical leaves obovate or oblong to al- 

 most orbicular, crenately toothed, the blade 6-18 lines long, on slender pet- 

 ioles as long or longer; cauline leaves lanceolate to linear in outline, pinnate- 

 ly lobed or parted into oblong or linear lobes or divisions, sessile by a some- 

 what clasping base: heads 1-12, in a close or at length open cyme: involucre 

 hemispherical, of numerous linear- lanceolate acute bracts, 4-5 lines long: 

 rays 12-15, elongated oblong: achenes glabrous, about a line long. By the 

 base of cliffs, Mount Adams Washington. 



= = = Leaves moitly once pinnately divided or parted and again 

 lobed or incised . 



S. Bolanderi Gray Proc. Am. Acad. vii, 362. Glabrous or early 

 glabrate : ntems weak and slender, 6-30 inches high from slender creeping 

 rootstocks : leaves thin and membraneous, mostly petioled : early radical 

 orbicular, subcordate, palmately 5-9 lobed or crenate-incised; others pin- 

 nately divided into 5-9 distinct leaflets or the upper lobes confluent with 

 rounded terminal one, all obtusely incised : heads several, loosely cymose 

 4 or 5 lines high, rays 5-8, rather long. Common along streams and 

 bluffs Washington to Northern California west of the Cascade mountains. 



++ ++ ++ -M. .M. Stems leafy, numerously or somewhat equably so 

 up to the top 



S. condensatus Greene Pitt, iii, 298 " Stems solitary, stout and low, 

 very leafy, 4 to 6 inches or rarely almost a foot high: herbage somewhat suc- 

 culent, sparsely flooculent when young: lower leaves almost as long as the 

 stem, spatulate-obovate; the upper oblanceolate, all obtuse,[orenately or more 

 sharply dentate: heads 3 to 6. more than )4 i ncn high, closely sessile in a 

 large cluster among the upper leaves: bracts of the decidedly flocculent in- 

 volucre lanceolate, acuminate: rays either wanting or few and deep yellow. 

 High ridges of the Blue Mountains Walla Walla Co. Washington, Pi.per. 



2 Annuals or biennials. 



S. VDLQARIS L. Engl. Bot. t., 748. (GROUNDSEL). Rather stout, branch- 

 ing and leafy to the top glabrate 4-16 inches high from an annual root : 

 leaves incisely pinnatifid the long or roundish lobes and the sinuses 

 sharply toothed : heads 4-5 lines high : tips of the involucral bracts and 

 the short calyculate ones at base blackish : rays none : achenes canes- 

 cently puberulent, common in cultivated fields and moist places, flower- 

 ing most of the w inter months. (Nat. from Eu. ) 



Tribe viii. CYNAROIDE^E B. & H. Gen. ii, 211. Heads hom- 

 ogamous tubiflorouSj the flowers all hermaphrodite with equally or 

 sometimes unequally 5-cleft corollas, the lobes long and narrow, or 

 sometimes radiatiform and heterogamous by enlargement of the limb of 

 marginal flowers which are commonly neutral. Involucre much im- 



