426 PYROLACE^E MONBSES 



CHIMAPHILA 



slender scape. Calyx 4-5-parted, persistent. Petals 4 or 5, 

 widely spreading, sessile. Stamens 8 or 10, glabrous : anthers 

 2-beaked at the base, reversed when mature, each cell opening by 

 a basal but apparently apical pore. Style straight : stigma pel- 

 tate, large, with 4 or 5 narrow lobes. Capsule subglobose, 4-5- 

 lobed, 4-5-celled, loculicidally 4-5-valved from the summit; the 

 valves glabrous on the margins. Seeds numerous, minute, the 

 testa reticulated, produced at both ends. 



M. imiflora Gray Man. 273. Stem very short and decumbent, leafy : 

 leaves orbicular to ovate, petioled, serrulate, 6-20 lines long : scape 2-6 

 inches high : flower white to rose-color, 6-10 lines broad : calyx-lobes ovate, 

 obtuse, about one-fifth the length of the broadly ovate or orbicular petals : 

 capsule erect, 3-4 lines in diameter. In forests, Oregon to Alaska and 

 across the Continent. Europe and Asia. 



3 CHIMAPHILA Pursh Fl. i, 279. 



Low perennials with opposite or verticillate evergreen leaves 

 and spreading or nodding white or purplish flowers in terminal 

 corymbs. Calyx 5-parted or 5-cleft, persistent. Petals 5, con- 

 cave, sessile, spreading or recurved. Stamens 10; filaments 

 short, dilated, and mostly hairy in the middle ; cells of the anthers 

 oblong, with a short narrow neck. Style very short, ' obconic, 

 immersed in the umbilicate summit of the globose ovary : stigma 

 orbicular-peltate, barely 5-crenate. Capsule erect, globose, 5-lob- 

 ed, 5-celled, loculicidally 5- valved from the top, the valves not 

 woolly on the margins. Seeds very numerous, the testa reticu- 

 lated, produced at both ends. 



C. umbel lata Nutt. Gen. i, 274. Stem stout, 4-12 inches high, very 

 leafy, often branched: leaves cuneate-oblanceolate with tapering base, 

 sharply serrate, not spotted, bright green and shining, 1-3 inches long: 

 flowers several, umbellate or subcorymbose, white or pinkish : bracts nar- 

 row, deciduous : filaments hairy on the margins only. In dry woods, 

 California to Alaska and across the Continent. 



C. Menziesii Spreng. Syst. ii, 317. Slender, 3-10 inches high, spar- 

 ingly branched from the base : leaves from ovate to oblong-lanceolate, 

 acute at both ends, small, sharply serrate, the upper surface often mottled 

 with white: peduncle 1-3-flowered: bracts ovate or roundish : filaments 

 slender, with a round dilated portion in the middle villous : flowers about 

 half-inch in diameter; petals dull white. In forests, California to Brit. Col. 



ORDER LVI. MONOTROPACE.E Lindl. Nat. Syst. ed. 2, 219' 



Leafless fleshy herbs with the flowers in spikes, racemes, 

 capitate, or solitary. Flowers regular and perfect. Calyx of 

 2-6 erect lobes or segments or imbricated sepals, free from the 

 ovary. Corolla 4-5-lobed, or of 3-6 petals, rarely wanting, 

 imbricated. Stamens 6-12, hypogynous: filaments equal, dis- 

 tinct, or connate at base: anthers 2-celled, or confluently 1- 

 celled, attached to the filaments by the back or base, opening 

 by longitudinal slits: pollen grains simple. Style short or 

 longated: stigma capitate or peltate. Ovary superior, 4-6- 





