538 SCROPHULARIACE^E PEDICULARIS 



about ten inches high, simple: leaves deeply pinnatifid or pinuately parted 

 into oblong incisely toothed divisions: lower whorls of the spike rather dis- 

 tant: calyx inflated-globose its teeth fhort, ciliate, somewhat crested: tube of 

 the corolla exceeding the calyx: galea straightish, slightly if at all beaked, 

 shorter than the depending lower lip. Northwest Coast Menzies. 



* * Leaves alternate or sometimes opposite. 



P. Groenlandica Retz Fl. Scand. ed. 2, 145. Glabrous perennial: 

 stems simple, erect, twelve to eighteen inches high: leaves alternate, lanceo- 

 late in outline, acute or acuminate, pinnately parted or the lower pinnately 

 divided into lanceolate acute crenulate or incised segments, the lower slender- 

 petioled, the upper sessile, two to six inches long: spikes one to six inches 

 long, very dense: calyx five toothed, nearly as long as the tube of the corolla, 

 the teeth short, acutish: corolla red or purple, the galea produced into a 

 filiform beak 6-8 lines long, which is decumbent upon the lower lip and 

 upwardly recurved beyond it: capsule obliquely ovate, about three lines long. 

 In mountain marshes/Alaska to California and across the Continent, 



P. contorta Benth. in Hook. Fl. ii, 108, Glabrous perennial: stems 

 eight to twelve inches high, simple, erect: leaves mostly radical and petioled, 

 two to three inches long, pinnately parted into linear entire or incisely 

 serrate alternate lobes, the upper similar but smaller and sessile: spikes 

 cylindrical, two to four inches long, many-flowered: calyx four to five lines 

 long, cleft to below the middle into two triangular acute lobes which are 

 sharply two-toothed at the apex: corolla yellow or whitish, the galea produc- 

 ed into a slender elongated-subulate circinate incurved beak equalling or 

 longer than the broad lower lip: capsule six lines long, exceeding the calyx, 

 ovoid, obliquely acute: seeds oblong, callus apiculate at both ends. In 

 open meadows in the Cascade Mountains to Idaho. 



P. racemosa Dougl. Hook, Fl. ii, 108. Glabrous perennial: stems 

 rather slender, one to two feet high, simple, or sometimes branched, leafy to 

 the top: leaves all cauline, one to two inches long, lanceolate, undivided, 

 finely serrulate or incisely crenate and the crenations finely crenulate, the 

 teeth mostly white-tipped, all petioled: flowers rather few, in a short leafy 

 raceme: calyx somewhat oblique, deeper cleft before than behind, the lobes 

 abruptly acuminate, three lines long: corolla dull white or yellowish, six to 

 eight lines lon^, the galea produced into a slender elongated-subulate 

 circinate incurved beak nearly as long as the broad lower lip, hamate- 

 cleflexed. Subalpine regions, Brit. Columbia to California and the Rocky 

 Mountains. 



I r . Howellii Gray Proc. Am. Acad. xx, 107. Glabrous perennial: stem 

 stout, six to eighteen inches high, naked, or with some small scales below, 

 above densely leafy up to the short and dense cylindraceous spike: leaves all 

 cauline, one to two inches long, oblong, some simple and undulate- serrate or 

 entire on margined petioles, others pinnately three to seven-parted or upper 

 lobes more confluent : bracts foliaceous, ovate, mostly acuminate, more or 

 less lanate-ciliate, shorter than the flowers: calyx campanulate, sparsely 

 villous, five-toothed, the teeth ovate, nearly entire, the posterior and lateral 

 more connate: corolla white or yellowish, with exserted tube and a rather 

 long much incurved somewhat rose-colored galea much longer than and 

 surrounding the short obscurely three- lobed lower lip. On damp shady 

 slopes, top of the Siskiyou Mountains near Waldo Oregon. 



P. ornithorhyncha Benth. in Hook. 1. c. Smooth perennial : stems 

 scapiform, or sometimes bearing a pair of leaves, 6-8 inches high, simple : 

 leaves pinnately parted and the oblong or lanceolate divisions incisely 

 pinnatifid, the lobes em all, dentate : spikes interrupted: calyx ovate-inflated, 



