IOGO UM POLYGONACE^E 573 



4-6, in terminal heads, 3-4 lines high, angled, contracted, near the top : 

 flowers wine-red, at length 3-lines long: its segments very unequal, the 

 3 outer ovate with cordate base; the inner spatulate. Eastern Oregon to 

 California. 



E. dicliotomuin Dougl. Benth. in DC/Prodr. xiv, 14. Densely white- 

 tomentose below : stems short but somewhat diffuse and depressed, leafy : 

 leaves oblong or oblanceolate, acute at each end, an inch or two long, on 

 slender petioles : peduncles rather short 6-18 inches high, bearing a 3-rayed 

 umbel the somewhat erect rays sparingly di- or trichotomous: involucre 

 usually solitary tomentose, about 3 lines long, strongly toothed: flowers 

 white to rose-red 1/^-2 lines long, the outer segments broadly elliptical, 

 the inner linear-spatulate. On dry rocky hills eastern Washington to 

 California. 



E. niveum Dougl. Densely white-tomentose below: stems rather few* 

 short and depressed : leaves oblong 6-12 lines long, petioled : scapes 4-10 

 inches high, bearing a 3-rayed umbel : involucres usually solitary, tomento- 

 se, about 2 lines high, with some or all of the teeth produced and often 

 recurved: flowers white or rose color, its outer segments round-oval, the 

 inner obovate-spatulate. On dry rocky hillsides, eastern Oregon and 

 Washington to Idaho. 



* * Flowers narrower at 1 ase, the sepals similar and nearly 

 equal : achenes smooth or nearly so. 



*- Perennials with short branched caudex, naked peduncles and 

 capitate involucres. 



** Densely white- tomentose, dwarf and cespitose, alpine or subal- 

 pine: heads solitary. 



E. pauciflorum Pursh Fl. 735. Stems very short, loosely tufted, cov- 

 ered with the dilated bases of the petioles : leaves linear or linear-spatulate, 

 1-3 inches long, with revolute margins, glabrous, or sparingly pubescent 

 above, white-tomentose or cottony beneath, narrowed into slender petioles : 

 peduncles 2-6 inches I high : involucres 4-10, in a capitate cluster, 5- 

 toothed, the teeth obtuse, more or less reflexed : flower white, campanulate, 

 1^ lines long, its segments ovate. On dry plains, eastern Oregon to Neb 



E. mnlticeps Nees Max. Eeis. N. A. ii, 446. Stems short, tufted, 

 much branched, sometimes several inches long: leaves spatulate 6-20 lines 

 long, numerous, obtuse at the apex, narrowed below into petioles : pe unc- 

 les 1-5 inches high : involucres 3-12, in a capitate cluster, sessile, 1)^ lines 

 long, 5-6 toothed, the teeth acute: flowers white or rose-color, 1/-2-2 lines 

 long, campanulate, somewhat villous, the segments cuneate, obtuse or 

 emarginate. On dry plains, Idaho to Nebraska. 



* ** Peduncles mostly tall and stout, from a sparingly branched 

 caudex-. heads solitary or few, in a long-jointed subnmbellate cyme. 



E. ninliini Dougl. Benth. Trans. Linn. Soc. xvii, 413. ? Stems short 

 and loosely branched 1-2 inches long: leaves ovate or oblong-ovate, the 

 blade 1-3 inches long, obtuse or acutish at the apex, rounded, truncate or 

 cordate at base, green and glabrate above, densely white-tomentose be- 

 neath, on petioles 2-6 inches long: peduncles rather slender 1-2 feet high, 

 somewhat tomentose : inflorescence a compound umbel : involucres tomen- 

 tose, campanulate about 2 lines long its triangular teeth erect: flowers yel- 

 low to reddish, glabrous about 1> lines long, its segments elliptical, round 

 ed at the apex. On dry hillsides, southwestern Oregon to California. 



E. elatnm. Dougl. A caulescent: leaves all in a rosulate tuft, ovate-ob 

 long or sublanceolate, narrowed into petioles, rarely subhastate orsubco 

 date at base, the margins usually undulate, green and glabrate above ver 

 softly villous-pubescent, or almost velvety beneath, on long slender pet 



