8HEPHBRDIA TJLMACE^E 601 



CELT18 



I SHEPHERDIA Nutt. Gen. ii, 240. 



Shrubs with opposite petioled leaves and small dioecious or 

 polygamous flowers subspicate at the nodes of the previous season's 

 growth, or axillary : the pistillate few or solitary. Pistillate flow- 

 er- with an urn-shaped or ovoid calyx bearing an 8-lobed disk 

 at its mouth which nearly closes it. Style somewhat exserted. 

 Calyx of the staminate flowers 4-parted. Stamens 8, alternating 

 with as many lobes of the disk. Fruit drupe-like, the fleshy base 

 of the calyx enclosing a nut or achene. 



S. Canadensis Nutt. Gen. ii, 240. A thornless shrub with dark 

 brown or grayish bark, the young shoots brown scurfy : leaves ovate or 

 oval, obtuse/entire, rounded at base, 12-18 lines long, green and sparingly 

 stellate-scurfy above, densely silvery and brown-stellate beneath, on peti- 

 oles 2-6 lines long : flowers in short spines at the nodes of the twigs, yel- 

 lowish : heads globose, less than a line in diameter, forming in summer, 

 expanding with or before the leaves the following spring : calyx about 2 

 lines broad when expanded: fruit oval, red or yellowish, 2-8 lines long, 

 the nut smooth. In the mountains, Brit. Columbia to eastern Oregon and 

 across the continent. 



S. argentea Nutt. 1. c. A shrub 6-18 feet high, the twigs often ter- 

 minating in thorns : leaves oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 1-2 inches long, 

 obtuse, usually cuneate-narrowed at base, densely silvery-scurfy on both 

 sides, 2-6 lines long: flowers fascicled at the nodes, the globose buds very 

 silvery : fruit ovoid to oblong, sour, edible. Alaska to California and 

 Minnesota. 



ORDER LXXXI ULMACE^E Mirbel Elem. ii, 905. 



Trees or shrubs with alternate leaves with small fugaceous 

 stipules, and small monoecious, dioecious, polygamous or per- 

 fect flowers in lateral or axillary clusters, or the pistillate sol- 

 itary. Calyx 3-9-parted or of 3-9 distinct sepals. Stamens, 

 in our species, as many as lobes of the calyx and opposite them: 

 filaments straight: anthers longitudinally dehiscent, Ovary 1- 

 celled, rarely 2-celled, mostly superior, with a solitary pendu- 

 lous anatropous or amphitropous. ovule: styles or stigmas 2. 

 Fruit a samara, drupe or nut. Embryo straight or curved, 

 with little or no albumen. Cotyledons mostly flat. 



1 CELTIS L. Sp. 1043. 



Trees or shrubs with alternate leaves and small monoecious or 

 polygamous flowers borne in the axils of leaves of the season, 

 the staminate clustered, the pistillate solitary or 2-3 together. 

 Calyx 4 6-parted or of distinct sepals. Stamens as many as se- 

 pals : filaments erect, exserted. Ovary sessile : stigmas 2, recurv- 

 ed or divergent, tomentose or plumose. Fruit an ovoid or 

 globose drupe. 



C. occidentalis L. Sp. 1044. A tree or shrub 4-120 feet high, with 

 dark brown'rough bark, the twigs glabrous : leaves ovate or ovate-lanceo- 

 late, sharply serrate, mostly thin, acute or acuminate, somewhat oblique 

 and 3-nerve"d at base, pinnately veined, 1)^-4 inches long, glabrous above, 

 pubescent, at least on the veins, beneath: staminate flowers numerous; 



