CAREX CYPERACE^E 697 



short-peduncled, 1-4 inches long slenderly cylindrical : perigynia elliptic 

 conspicuously few-nerved, abruptly narrowed into a whitish beak, spread- 

 ing, about as long as the whitish purple-margined awn-pointed scale. In 

 wet places in wooded districts, California to Oregon and Idaho. 



2 HIRT^C Tuckerman Enum. Meth. 14. Terminal spike 

 all staminate: pistillate spikes densely many-flowered. Perigynia 

 more or less hairy, the beak more deeply toothed. 



C. Oregonensis Olney Proc. Am. Acad. viii, 407. Stems smooth or 

 nearly so, very leafy, about a foot high : pistillate spikes about 3, an inch 

 long, often staminale at the top, erect, approximate, shortly peduncled : 

 perigynia ovate, tapering at both ends, prominently many-nerved, thickly 

 covered with short stiff hairs, gradually produced into a white and smooth 

 distinctly 2-toothed beak, longer than the ovate acute membranous scale. 

 In the higher parts of the Cascade Mountains. 



C. lannginosa Michx. PI. ii, 175. Stems rather slender, acutely an- 

 gled and rough above, 1-2 feet high : leaves and lower bract elongated, 

 flat, not involute, 1-2 lines wide, sometimes longer than the stem : stamin- 

 ate spikes 1-3, long-peduncled sometimes pistillate at base: pistillate spikes 

 1-3, usually distant, sessile or the lowest peduncled, 9-18 lines long ; scales 

 ovate, membranous, often purplish, acuminate or short-awned : perigynia 

 green, densely pubescent, tapering into a short 2-toothed beak, as long or 

 longer than the scale. In moist meadows, California to Brit. Columbia 

 and across the continent. 



3 PALUDOSA; Fries Corp. 190. Staminate spikes 2 or more, 

 long-peduncled : pistillate spikes 2 to several, usually all pedun- 

 cled, long and heavy, loosely flowered. Perigynia large, thick in 

 texture, strongly nerved, mostly smooth, usually produced into a 

 long beak which terminates in conspicuous subulate erect or 

 spreading teeth. 



C. aristata R. Br. Franklin Journ. 721. Stems stout, erect, smooth 

 or roughish above, acutely angled, 2-5 feet high : leaves elongated, 3-5 lines 

 wide, more or less scabrous often pubescent beneath and on the sheaths : 

 bracts similar, the lower often exceeding the stem : staminate spikes 3-5, 

 remote, cylindrical, sessile or the lowest short-peduncled, looselyrflowered : 

 at the base, dense above, 1-4 inches long, sometimes 8 lines in diameter 

 scales oblong-lanceolate, rough-awned, thin-margined, perigynia ascend- 

 ing, conic, glabrous, 4-6 lines long, gradually tapering into ,the conspic- 

 uously 2-toothed beak nearly twice as long as the scale. In bogs, Oregon, 

 the Northwest Territory, Michigan and New York. 



C. riparia Curtis Fl. Lond. iv t. 60. Pale green and glabrous: stems 

 stout 01 rather slender, smooth or somewhat rough above, erect, 2-3 feet 

 high: leaves elongated, somewhat glaucous, 3-6 lines wide, about equaling 

 the stem: staminate spikes 1-5; pistillate spikes 2-5, cylindric, 2-4 inches 

 .ong, about 4 lines in diameter the upper erect, sessile or nearly so, the 

 lower more or less peduncled : scales lanceolate or oblanceolate long-aris- 

 tate or acute : perigynia narrowly ovoid, firm, scarcely inflated, tapering 

 gradually into a short 2-toothed beak, as long or longer than the scales. 

 In swamps, Idaho to Manitoba and Florida. 



TRIBE m MICROHYNCH^: Drejer Symb. Car. 9. Paludose and 

 alpine species of various habit, mostly with colored spikes, often 

 growing in dense tufts. Perigynia small nearly beakless, not 

 prominently toothed at the apex, rather thin in texture. 



