CAREX CYPERACE.E 707 



C. Geyeri Boott Linn. Trans, xx. 118. Stems stiff, slender, 6 inches 

 to 2 feet high, leafy at base: leaves rigid, /^-l li ne wide, carinate, scabrous 

 on the margins and keel : staminate flowers 1-6, alternate, appressed to the 

 rachis: scales whitish, becoming ferruginous, green in the middle, ciliate, 

 in the staminate flowers oblong and obtuse, the pistillate clasping and cus- 

 pidate, the lower foliaceous and equalling the stem : perigynia triangular- 

 ellipsoidal, tapering to the base, with a very short entire beak and hyaline 

 orifice, smooth, 1-nerved on the middle of 2 sides, shorter than the scale. 

 On dry ridges, Oregon and Washington to Colorado and Montana. 



C. multicaulis Bailey Bot. Gaz. ix, 117. Stems numerous, 1-3 feet high, 

 stiff and wiry, terete or obtusely angled, smooth or minutely scabrous be- 

 neath the spike, dark green and remaining so a year after fruiting : leaves 

 short and reduced to sheaths : staminate flowers 3-8, their scales oblong or 

 lanceolate, green with hyaline margins, appressed; pistillate flowers 1-4, 

 their scales green with ovate scarious-margined base and long acuminate 

 tips, sometimes longer than the spike: perigynium large, green, triangular 

 contracted below to a stipitate base, tipped with a short stout beak. On 

 dry ridges among pine timber, southern Oregon to California. 



TRIBE ix LAMPROCHL^ENJE Drejer Symb. Car. 10. Small 

 mostly boreal species. Spikes mostly solitary. Scales obtuse 

 with hyaline margins. Perigynium smooth, firm in texture, or 

 or even horny, glossy or shining, brown or black, lightly nerved 

 or nerveless, tipped with a short beak. Stigmas mostly 3. 



C. Pyrenaica Wahl. Acad. Handl. xxiv, 139. Cespitose, the filiform 

 stems 4-7 inches high, very leafy at base: leaves %-\ line broad, flat or 

 often conduplicate : bracts scale-like: spikes dark-brown or purple, ellips- 

 oidal, densely-flowered, 5-8 lines long, 2-4 lines thick, staminate above : 

 scales membranaceous, deciduous, of the staminate flowers linear-oblong, 

 acutish : of the pistillate darker, ovate- lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, the 

 lowest often cuspidate or subfoliaceous : perigynium membranaceous, lan- 

 ceolate or spindle-shaped, gradually attenuate to an acute obliquely cut, 

 hyaline-margined orifice, long-stipitate, reflexed at maturity, rather longer 

 than the scale. On the high mountains, northern California to Alaska and 

 the Rocky Mountains. 



C. nigricans C. A. Meyer Cryp. Nov. t. 7. Stems rather stout, 4-8 

 inches high, very leafy at "base: leaves 1-5 lines wide, not half as long as 

 the stem, flat, attenuate to a very sharp point: spike very dark brown or 

 black, oblong to obovate, 3-6 lines long, staminate at the top: scales ob- 

 long to ovate, acute or acuminate: perigynia broadly lanceolate or oblong, 

 abruptly contracted below to a slender stipe, produced above into a slender 

 sharply 2-toothed beak, usually longer than the scale. In wet meadows 

 on the highest mountains, California to Alaska and the Rocky Mountains. 



TRIBE x LEPTOCEPHAL.E Bailey Proc. Am. Acad. xxii, 131. 

 Spike solitary, staminate above, thin and slender. Perigynia thin 

 in texture, green, oblong, lanceolate or linear in outline, beakless 

 or nearly so. 



C. leptalca Wahl. Kongl. Vet, Acad. Handl. (11,) xxiv, 139. Light 

 green and glabrous : stems filiform, erect or spreading, 6-18 inches long: 

 leaves % line wide, mostly shorter than the stems: spikes narrowly linear, 

 2-7 lines long, less than a line thick: perigynia few, linear-oblong, narrow- 

 ed at base, obtuse and beaked at the summit, 1% lines long, longer than 

 the attenuate scales. In wet places, California to Alaska and across the 

 continent. 



TRIBE xi PHYSOCEPHALJE Bailey 1. c. 132. Spikes solitary, 



