TSUGA PINACE^E 789 



PICEA 



the axis. Seeds with resin- vesicles on the surface, winged. 



T. heterophylla Sargent. Abies heterophylla Eaf. Tsuga Mertensiana 

 <>f authors not of Carr. A very large tree 100-200 feet high and 2-6 feet 

 in diameter, with rough rather thick bark: ultimate branchlets very slender, 

 roughish and when youug long-hairy: leaves linear, 4-9 lines long, abruptly 

 petioled, entire or usually spinulose-serrate toward the rounded apex, shining 

 above, when young with 2 white stripes beneath: staminate flowers 2-3 lines in 

 diameter, shorter than the stipe: cones oblong-cylindrical, acute, 4-9 lines long, 

 slightly pubescent: scales longer than wide: bracts truncate: seeds about 1 line, 

 long, the wing twice as long: cotyledons 2 or 4. In moist places hi forestss 

 California to Alaska. 



T. Mertensiana Carr. Conif. ed. 2, 250. T. Pattoniana Engelm. A 

 large tree 100-200 feet high and 1-4 feet in diameter, with rough dark brown 

 bark, slender pubescent branchlets and and dark green foliage: leaves 6-12 line, 

 long, angular, acutish, attenuate at the base, often curved, stomatose and keeled 

 both sides, unequal and appealing as if in fascicles: staminate flowers about 2 

 lines thick, on a very slender stipe: cones cylindrical-oblong, 2-3 inches long, 

 6-8 lines in diameter: seeds 2% lines long, with an obliquely obovate wing 

 about 4 lines long. On the high mountains California to Alaska. 



10 PICEA Link Abh. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1727, 179. 



Large evergreen trees with reddish flaky bark and spreading 

 branches. Leaves keeled above and beneath, more or less quad- 

 rangular, articulated on a prominent, at last ligneous, persistent 

 rhombic base, spirally arranged all around the branchlets, some- 

 times by a twist of the base somewhat 2-ranked: resin-ducts 

 irregular. Staminate flowers axillary and terminal on the previ- 

 ous year'cs branchlets, with an oblong or cylindrical staminal 

 column, its short stipe surrounded by numerous bud-scales: the 

 commissure of the anthers expanding into a broad nearly circular 

 erect crest : anther-cells opening longitudinally. Pollen-grains 

 large, with 2 air-sacs. Pistillate aments borne at the ends of 

 short or longer branchlets, the scales much longer than the bracts. 

 Cones maturing the first year, pendulous : scales and enclosed 

 bracts persistent upon the axis. Seeds without resin-vesicles, 

 imbedded in the membranous base of the wing which leavs its 

 under side nearly free and permits it to fall out. Cotyledons 4-8. 



P. Breweriana Watson Proc. Am. Acad. xx, 378. A slender tree 

 100-150 feet high and 2-4 feet in diameter, with spreading or ascending bran- 

 ches and puberulent pendent branchlets, these sometimes 6-8 feet long and not 

 more than 4 lines in diameter: leaves 5-12 lines long, strictly sessile upon the 

 slender base, obtuse, smooth and rounded or slightly carinate above, stomatose 

 beneath on each side of the slightly prominent midnerve: cones 2-4 inches 

 long, 8-10j lines in diameter, norrowly cylindrical, attenuate at base: bracts 

 linear-oblong, 2 lines long: scales thick, puberulent, obovate, with slightly 

 thickened rounded summit, entire, 6-8 lines long: seeds \% lines long, the 

 wing 4 lines long, 2} lines wide. On dry rocky ^ ridges hi the Siskiyou and 

 Coast Mountains of southern Oregon and 'adjacent California, 



P, Engelmanni Engelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. ii, 212. A tree 100- 

 150 feet high and 2-5 feet in diameter with cinnamon colored bark and spread- 

 ing branches with pubescent branchlets: leaves soft and flexible, standing out 

 in all directions from all sides of the branchlets, tetragonal, acute, with callus 



