142 Material* find Their Handling 



and the instructions which must be conveyed from 

 one supervisor to another in connection with the 

 general program. If every man could organize 

 his own work with due regard for the objects of 

 that work, its relation to the rest of the work, and 

 its agreement with orderly requirement, there 

 would be need for a comparatively small propor- 

 tion of the supervision that is necessary today in 

 industrial establishments. 



In all practical work, improvement is effected 

 by seeing the change that can be made in one 

 detail at a time. It is because of this necessity 

 for detailed improvement that the foreman, in his 

 capacity as supervisor of his group, can effectuate 

 so much increased value in industry. He becomes 

 capable of improving the methods by observing 

 them in their relation to each other as parts of 

 the whole. The foreman must be ready to look 

 at his own work as though it had been done by 

 somebody else; he must examine the details of it 

 with the same judgment that he would use in ex- 

 amining the work of some other foreman, and he 

 must determine at all times whether his methods 

 are calculated to be of the greatest service in get- 

 ting the work done on time and at minimum cost. 



Knowing the Work. Most of the workers and 

 a good many of the supervisors in industry feel 

 that they know the work, when they know only 

 their own individual part in the work as far as 

 their operations are concerned. But that is only 

 a part of the knowledge of the work which is neces- 

 sary for its proper government. 



