181 Muh'iiuls and Their 



assigned to different men. Parts of the work were 

 transferred to other establishments and finally 

 segregated into special industries. The saw mill 

 industries took over the cutting of the lumber and 

 the making of it into boards, which would be t he- 

 material for the furniture factory. The whole- 

 sale and retail merchants assumed the task of 

 selling the furniture to the people who needed it. 

 The railroads took over the job of transporting 

 the raw material and the finished product. 



Naturally, this evolution in the method nt pro- 

 duction compelled development in systematizing 

 the work. Hundreds of men had to be kept at 

 work on different jobs, all working to the same 

 end; namely, that well constructed pieces of furni- 

 ture might be available for people to use. With- 

 out a system of operation running through the 

 whole process, these people would have been in 

 confusion. There would have been little order, 

 and good results could not have been obtained. 



The Division of Craftsmanship. It was neces- 

 sary to take away from the individual worker the 

 purchasing of material, and to put this in the 

 hands of a department specially concerned with 

 buying the enormous quantity of material required 

 for the hundreds of workers employed in the fac- 

 tory. Similarly, it was necessary to put the design- 

 ing of the furniture into the hands of trained peo- 

 ple who could give their whole time and thought to 

 it. Then, the way in which the operations should 

 progress in the factory, so that the material would 

 go from one to the other without confusion, meant 



