CHAP, xv REACTION FROM DARWINISM DRUMMOND 145 



scenery, hung up in the background of Mr. Drummond's 

 atelier. His references to it during his discussion are 

 of the slightest. Close to the end of his book * there is 

 a whimsical attempt to trace the cosmic principle of 

 love down into the inorganic world, and back to the 

 nebulous cloud out of which natural law is said to have 

 evolved all things. Chemical affinity is the supposed 

 representative of the psychical principle of love, group- 

 ing the elements of nature in close union ! However, 

 the author does not seem perfectly easy in his own 

 mind as to this suggestion, or thoroughly in earnest with 

 it. On at least two other occasions he quotes Spen- 

 cerian language in a tone of discipleship. "The first 

 work of evolution always is, as we have seen, to create 

 a mass of similar things atoms, cells, men ; and the 

 second is to break up that mass into as many different 

 kinds of things as possible. Aggregation masses the 

 raw material, collects the clay for the potter ; differentia- 

 tion destroys the featureless monotonies as fast as they are 

 formed, and gives them back in new and varied forms." 2 

 Again : "According to evolutional philosophy there are 

 three great marks or necessities of all true development 

 Aggregation, or the massing of things ; Differentia- 

 tion, or the varying of things ; and Integration, or the 

 reuniting of things into higher wholes. All these pro- 

 cesses are brought about by sex more perfectly than by 

 any other factor known." 3 Except for these passing 

 salutations, however, there is no appeal to the laws of 

 physical or sub-organic evolution. We are bidden in- 

 deed follow nature ; we are bidden throw ourselves 

 into the current of evolution ; but it is animated nature 

 that is to be our guide ; the nature which Darwin 



1 Ascent of Man, p. 433. 2 Ibid. p. 320. 



3 Ibid. pp. 336, 337. 



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