From the Unconscious to the Conscious 



further than M. le Bon thinks, in seeking the meaning 

 of evolution. 



Let us first analyse the systems as yet proposed in 

 answer to the third question: How, and why, does 

 evolution act ? 



Philosophical theories of evolution may, strictly 

 speaking, be reduced to two the Deistic or Providential, 

 and the Pantheistic. 



Pantheistic metaphysics are infinitely complex, since 

 they include all systems which locate beginning and 

 end in the universe itself. These systems, both in their 

 development and in their conclusions, are widely different 

 one from another, and cannot be blended into a single 

 study. 



We could not, within the limits of this work, review 

 them all. We are constrained to make a choice, and 

 that choice is naturally determined by the end at which 

 we aim. We shall therefore only consider: 



1 . The philosophy of Providential evolution accord- 



ing to dogma. 



2. Contemporary pantheistic or monistic theories. 



3. M. Bergson's theory of ' Creative Evolution.' 



4. The philosophy of the unconscious, according to 



Schopenhauer and von Hartmann. 



