From the Unconscious to the Conscious 



(yet once more) that there is one only method of reaching 

 truth, that which brings the results of intuition into 

 accord with logic and the study of facts. This is the 

 positive method which admits only rational inductions 

 as valid. M. Bergson's teachings may be placed in 

 three categories : 



(a) Those which are in accord with facts, and are 



therefore within the limits of scientific method. 



() Those which are not deduced from facts, and 



are undemonstrable. 

 (c) Those which are opposed to well established 



facts, and are therefore erroneous. 

 We will now examine these three categories. 



3. TEACHING IN ACCORD WITH FACTS OR DEDUCED 



FROM THEM 



This is the teaching relating to the proof of evolu- 

 tion as a general theory, and to the principle of the 

 essential causality in evolution. 



The reality of transformism and the impossibility 

 of explaining it by the classical factors of selection and 

 adaptation are brought into full light by M. Bergson 

 with flawless logic and an irresistible power of per- 

 suasion. To those synthetic reasons which have been 

 set forth in the earlier chapters of this work, he adds 

 certain reasons of an analytical and special order, which 

 will be found scattered here and there throughout 

 his ' Creative Evolution.' He finds new proofs of the 

 impotence of the classical theories in the study of certain 

 details of comparative anatomy, such as the eyes of some 

 molluscs compared with those of the vertebrates. 



M. Bergson's analytical work is extremely con- 

 scientious, and the reasoning on the facts before him 

 is exact and rigorous. If it is not of a kind to convince 

 the disciples of naturalism (for discussion may continue 



176 



