i28 FRUIT GROWING FOR AMATEURS 



washing soda, or, better, caustic soda, in a little hot water, 

 pour it into the emulsion, and stir thoroughly for five minutes. 

 The preparation is then ready for application, and it should 

 be sprayed on the trees as a fine mist ; protect the hands, and 

 do not let any fall on the face. 



Paraffin Emulsion. This wash is easy to make and to 

 apply, as all the ingredients are completely soluble or in liquid 

 form ; it is very serviceable for killing insects or insect eggs 

 Dissolve 1 Ib. of soda, washing or caustic, in 4J gallons of water 

 along with J Ib. of soft soap, then add J gallon of paraffin oil 

 and emulsify the lot until a greyish liquid is obtained. It is 

 to be recommended where small quantities are required, and 

 the cost is about 3Jd. per 5 gallons of wash. 



Bordeaux Mixture. Place J Ib. or a good handful ol 

 quicklime in 4J gallons of water, and stir it up ; dissolve J Ib. 

 of copper sulphate crystals in | gallon of hot water, and let 

 both liquids stand all night. Pour the blue solution into the 

 lime water, stirring all the time, then apply it to the trees as 

 a fine spray. This fungicide is the most efficient of all yet dis- 

 covered in horticultural science, and it is an invaluable remedy 

 for mildew, rust, and like pests. It can be given strong in- 

 secticidal properties by mixing 1 oz. of the poisonous Paris 

 Green with every 5 gallons of the fungicidal wash. Some 

 writers advocate the use of copper sulphate alone in winter 

 as a preventive remedy for fungoid pests ; if this is preferred, 

 dissolve 1 oz. of copper sulphate in every 1J gallons of water, 

 and spray it on the trees from a brass or copper syringe or in 

 some other way. No iron vessels must be used with this solution. 



Proprietary preparations can be had in concentrated form, 

 very handy and convenient for use ; the advertisement columns 

 of the gardening papers enumerate many. 



