306 GENETICS IN RELATION TO AGRICULTURE 



the garden traces of the early peculiar form of the flower portrayed in 

 Plate III. In the original form the standard was erect, narrow at the 

 base, notched at the top, and reflexed or slightly rolled at the sides. 

 From it have been derived three distinct flower types; the grandiflora, 

 the hooded, and the popular waved Spencer forms. The origin of the 

 first two named is in some doubt. The hooded character was found in 

 some of the earlier varieties. It was sometimes associated with notches 

 in the sides as in the Butterfly (Fig. 121), and this character is found also 



Fio. 121. Forms of sweet pea flowers the standard or banner. Open or grandiflora 

 form (upper row left to right) Alba Magnifica, Shasta, Golden Rose. Hooded form (middle 

 row) Butterfly, Admiration, Dorothy Eckford. Waved form (lower row) Elsie Herbert, 

 Apple Blossom Spencer, White Spencer. (From Beal.) 



in some of the present day favorites. Bateson reports that hooded is 

 recessive to grandiflora or erect type of standard. Some of the earliest 

 varieties of improved grandiflora form were Queen of England (1888), 

 Blanche Ferry (1889) and Alba Magnifica (1891). The waved or Spencer 

 form is of more recent origin, and authorities are agreed that it arose as 

 a "sport" from a beautiful, pink, hooded variety, Prima Donna. The 

 pronounced waviness of standard and wings which characterizes this 

 type had not appeared before in sweet peas. 



The two upper series in Fig. 121 indicate the more recent progress in 

 enlarging flower size. Alba Magnifica and Butterfly were great acqui- 



