uxnm 



AD1UA. 



iMhnavl*ior.llorUo,inl781. irEntreoaateanx, 

 who wa* dameaohed to see tfany two* of La PerouW* crew could be 

 beatd. TlMuS 1h irt mViarif in 1TM. The soil and climate are said to 

 dmc i* readered difficult by reaaon of reeb and 

 of mall H-- *- and neb form, a cordon round 



'^^tt&ttZtf&X*** 



tre on them. A they are very little elevated 



UM level of the sea, water must neceMarily be scarce. The 

 Wand i* about 45 mile, long, and, like moat of them, prm- 

 med with cocoa nut trees ; the inhabitant* are of a dark 

 with friolad hair, and they go naked. They are decribed a* 

 ad well mode. To the French navigator they seemed 

 l-diapowd people, though Carter*', account of them i* 

 . They point their lance, with a specie, of hard .ton*. 

 When the French vWtod the bland, the people ahowed the greatest 

 mii*i to fimim iron, which it i* conjectured they fint obtained 

 from the Spaniards. 



ADONld (.V*r-rf-/r*A), a river of ancient Syria, which rue. in 

 the mountain* of Lebanon. It ha* the same name with a penonage 

 of coneiderable importance hi Pagan mythology, of whose story the 

 fallowing i*a brief sketch: Adonia, son of Myrrha, daughter of Ciny - 

 re*, king of Cyprus, wa* born in Arabia, whither hi* mother had fled 

 in eoneennenoe of certain transactions which it is not necessary to 

 relate. Before the birth of her aon ah* wa* transformed into the tree 

 which produce* the fragrant gum called by her name ; thi*, however, 

 did not hinder hi* being brought into the world in due eeaaon; he 

 raw op a model of manly beauty, and wa* passionately beloved 

 by Aphrodite (Venue), who quitted Olympu. to dwell with him. 

 {Juntas "** nis bvonrite pursuit, until, having gone to the chase 

 ffBDMt the entreatie* of hi* mutraat, he wa* mortally wounded in the 

 t*rh by a wild boar. After death he wa* laid to stand a* high in 

 the favour of Perwphone (Proeerpine) a* before in that of Aphrodite ; 

 but the latter being moooeolable. her rival generonaly consented that 

 aid half the year with hi. celestial, half with his 

 The fable ha. been varioualy interpreted. One 

 i the alternate abode of Adoni. above and under 

 the earth typical of the burial of seed, which in due aoason rise* above 

 Ike ground far the propagation of it* specie*; another, of the annual 

 peceafe of the MB from the northern to the southern hemisphere. 

 i time of Patuanias, hi the 2nd century of our era, there 

 temple of Adoni* and Aphrodite, at Amathua, in 



The story of Adoni. appear, to have been introduced into Greece 

 from Syria. According to Pausanias, Sappho sung of Adonis ; and 

 hi* name, with allusion to hi* rito*,oocun in a fragment of Alcicus. 

 But it i* by the Oreek poet* of later date, Theocritus and Bion, and their 

 Latin imitator*, Ovid and other*, that hi. story ha* been expanded, 

 aad inverted with the elegance which U the peculiar character 

 of Grecian mythology. The Adonia are mentioned by Aristophanes 

 among the Athenian fertivals, and thi* i* (we believe) the earliest 

 Him of them, except some notice in the poem* attributed to 

 Orpheo* (the epoch of which is, however, too doubtful to be received as 

 authority V. aad the anon attributed to Sappho and Alcau*. The rite* 

 began with mourning far the death of Adonis <thu* Exekiel, viil 13, 

 ' He bmngH me to the door of the Lord's house .... and behold, 

 there sat women weeping for Thamraux') ; then changed into rejoicing 

 for hi* return to life aad to Aphrodite; and concluded witha 

 jroeaaiam, ia which the image, of Adoni. aad Aphrodite were carried, 

 with rich offering* hi pento conche* ; after which the former 

 appear* to have been thrown into the tea. (Theocritus, 'Idyll' xv.) 

 Ia the lime of Pananl, the women of Argos, in the Peloponnesus, 



*ix omturiea before Chriet. 



the early Syrian and Orecian rite., the former 



*** "****- of Syria were unuaaiypron* Byblc., . 

 town near the river Adonk, wa. one of the chief Mate of thin worship, 

 hieh wa. intimately connected with a peculiarity incident to the 

 river. IUi wt^U a certain period o<thVymr,a..ume a deep red, 

 -d WOT .aid to be dtmdouredV Wood of Adoni., 



MXtWaua. 



SoeaUurd 



autku 



**m* eD . lamaer- dav, 

 AeoeJ. (ran Us artlve nek 

 wf tattoo. 



TV* 



ttntltt L*t, L 44. 



been obeerved by modern traveller*, and is 

 which brine; a quantity of red earth into the 

 Thi*, which probably i* the true 

 in th. time of Lucian ('De Dee Syria 1 , | 8) 



ADOUR, the ancient Atr*t, a river in the south-west of France, 

 rues in Mont Tounnalet, in the department of Hautes-Pyronee*, 

 about mile, east from Barege*. On leaving the high mountain* 

 at Grip, 8 mile* above Bagnore*-de-Bigorre, the river bound, at a 

 ingle leap above 100 feet down into the beautiful valley of Campan. 

 It* course is a little west of north through this valley, past Tarbea, 

 and until it enton the department of Gen, in which it takes a more 

 decidedly western direction, and at Aire enters the department of 

 Landes. In this department it flows first west past St- Sever and 

 Dax, and then for a little way south by weat till it reache* the northern 

 border of Basses-Pyrenees, between which and Lande* it run* weat 

 pact Bayonne, and at 3 mile* north-west from that town enter, 

 the Bay of Biscay. Until 1559, the Adour entered the sea about 20 

 miles farther north near the village of Vieux-Boucaut ; on the line of 

 the old bed there are still several small lakes and marshes ; but in the 

 year just named, a canal called Boucaut-Neuf, forming the present 

 embouchure of the river, wa* opened for the purpose of avoiding the 

 oar that rendered the approach to the harbour of Bayonne so dan- 

 gerous. The expectation, however, ha* not been fulfilled, for aero*, 

 the mouth of the new channel there i* a shifting bar of sand and 

 gravel, on which, at ebb-tide, the water is scarcely three feet deep. 



The course of the Adour is nearly semicircular, and the river may 

 be said to form, with the crest of the Pyrenees, the boundary of iU 

 own basin, for the basins of its two feeders from the right are extremely 

 circumscribed. The basin of the Adour abound* in the finest moun- 

 tain scenery. It contains a great number of fertile valley*, it U rich 

 in the useful mineral*, and yields large quantities of wine, fruits, 

 timber, ftc. 



The length of the Adour ia about 180 miles, 70 of which below 

 St. Sever are navigable. The tide, which at high water rise* about 11 

 feet at the bridge of Bayonne, ascend* the river as far as Dax. The 

 Arroe and the Midouze are the only feeders of the Adour on the 

 right ; but on the left it receive* a great number of mountain-stream*, 

 among others the Lechez, the Gabas, the Luy, the Gave-de-Pau (itself 

 swelled by the Gave-d'Oleron), the Bidouze, and the Nivc, which last 

 traverses Bayonne. Of these the Midouze, the Gave-de-Pau, the 

 Bidouze, and the Nive alone are navigable ; but all of them are 

 available for floating down timber from the mountain-forest* of the 

 Pyrenees. Though it receives a great number of rivers, the Adour 

 has not generally a very Urge volume of water : a good deal of this ia 

 drawn off for purposes of irrigation, and for driving mill and utln -r 

 machinery. \\ hen the snow melts on the Pyrenees, however, the 

 Adour and all its feeden become impetuous torrents, and their inun- 

 dations are often very disastrous. The principal objects of transport 

 on the Adour are wine, corn, brandy, timber, rosin, pitch, tar, and 

 colonial product*. 



ADOWA, one of the chief places in Abyssinia, in the kingdom of 

 Tigre, i* situated in 14" 12' 80" N. hit, 39" 5' E. long., partly on the. 

 aide, and partly at the foot of a hill. The house* are all of a ccmi< al 

 form, and arranged pretty regularly in street*. The town is well 

 supplied with water from rivulet* which fall into the Marcb, and 

 grape, grow well in the gardens. Adowa, from its position, is the 

 great mart between the coast and the interior province*, and came, 

 on a considerable trade, which is mostly in the hands of Mohammedan 

 merchant*. The population is probably not under 8000. The chief 

 manufacture* of Adowa are coarse and fine cotton cloths, made both 

 of native cotton from the low lauds on the Takkazzie, and from cotton 

 imported through Masaowa on the coast of the lied Sea. There ia a 

 considerable transit-trade through Adowa, between the Red Sea port* 

 and Gondar. The import, are lead, block tin, copper, and gold foil ; 

 small and cheap Persian carpets, raw silk from China, some velvet*, 

 French broad cloths, and coloured skins from Egypt, Venetian glass- 

 ware and bead*, Ac. The export* in transit are ivory, gold, and 



ADRIA. [ABRUZZO.] 



Al1Rl\,J/atiria, or Atria, &n ancient city of Cisalpine Gaul, situated 

 between the mouth* of the Po and the Adige, with both of which 

 river* it communicated by canal*. It was founded at some very early 

 period by an Etruscan colony, and afterwards became a confederate 

 city of the Roman*, and a municipium. It was a sea-port town, car- 

 ried on an extensive trade on the Adriatic, and was a station for the 

 Roman fleet under the emperors. After the fall of the empire, the 

 inundation* of the Po and the Adige, in consequence of the neglect of 

 the dykes, and the mischief caused by the liarbarian, rendered the 

 country around marshy and uninhabitable. The alluvial soil in tin- 

 course of age* gradually encroached upon the sea along this coast, and 

 thu* Adria became fint joined to the mainland, from which it wa* 

 previously detached ; and the sea receding from it gradually more 

 .ui.l more, the town i* now 14 miles inland. The same causes con- 

 tinuing to operate, the ground wa* raised by the alluvions many feet 

 above the former level, ao a* gradually to cover the old forest*. 

 Adria, however, although in a state of decay, was never totally 

 destroyed. In A.D. 430 it wa* subject to the Greek empire, having it* 

 own magistrates. It made part of the Exarchate of Ravenna, and 

 afterward* came with it under the dominion of the Pope. In the 

 ftth century we find it governed by its own bishops, under the joint 

 protection of the pope* and the emperors. It afterwards funned part 

 of the marquiaato of Este and Ferrara. In the war between Hercules, 



