ANTRIM. 





Tb* weekly market for agricultural produce a well attended : a linen 

 market, bald monthly, was formerly of some importance. There are 

 fain onJuly lth and November lit Petty Marion* are held monthly 

 in the town. Randalstown aent two member* to the Irian Parliament 

 Shane's Castle, the baronial mansion of the O'Neilla, waa burnt down 

 in 1810. Earl O'Neill haa since fitted up a temporary residence at a 

 abort distance from the old castle. The grounds are extensive and 

 well wooded. 



Of the principal villages we subjoin few particulars. The 

 population in each case is that of 1851 : 



Akoykill, population 508, situated on the left bank of a feeder of 

 the small river Main, about 10 mile* N.N.W. from Antrim, is a neat 

 village containing a pariah church, three chapels for Prosbyteriana, a 

 chapel for Roman Catholic*, a National school, and a dispensary. 

 Manor courts and petty seations are held here. Monthly markets are 

 held for the sale of linen. There are fain on June 4th, August 20th, 

 and December 5th. In the vicinity are several handsome villas. 

 Armay, population 322, i situated in a glen on the left bank of the river 

 Bush, about 9 miles N. E. from Ballymoney . In the village are the remains 

 of a round tower, of which the walla still standing are about 44 feet 

 high. There are here a pariah church, chapels for Roman Catholics and 

 Presbyterians, and a National school. Six fairs are held in the course 

 of the year. Rallintoy, population 171, is picturesquely situated near 

 the shore on the north coast, about 6 miles W. by N. from Ballycastle. 

 It possesses a parish church and Roman Catholic and Presbyterian 

 chapelo. The spire of the parish church is useful to seamen as a land- 

 mark. A station of the coast-guard is at Ballintoy. Various antiqui- 

 ties have been dug up in the neighbourhood, including stoue and brass 

 hatchets, bracelet*, fibula;, urns containing burnt bones, and a gold coin 

 of Valentinian. Sallynurt, population 377, about 10 miles N.E. by K. 

 from Antrim, is a small village situated on the road to Larne. In the 

 village besides the pariah church, which is a small old building, there 

 are chapels for Presbyterians, Independents, and Wesleyan Methodists. 

 Carnlough, population 368, is a small fishing village on the shore of 

 Glenarm Bay, about 3 miles N.W. from Glenann. Some small vessels 

 belong to the place, and the strand u good, but the difficulties which 

 prevent the construction of a good harbour opemte against the pros- 

 perity of the village. Fair* are held here on February 10th, April 20th, 

 June 12th, August 10th, October 12th, and December 12th. CONNOR. 

 J/arryritlc [BALI.YUENA]. WHitdiotue. Abbey-town, Lower White- 

 koiuf, and Ipper \\~hitrhotut, population together 2236, form a group 

 of villages chiefly dependent on the cotton manufacture, which 

 was established here in 1784, at which date no other existed in 

 Ireland. Whitaliou.se Abbey or White Abbey haa its name from a 

 monastic establishment formerly existing here. It contains a church 

 of recent erection, a chapel for Presbyterians, and a dispensary of the 

 Belfast Poor-Law Union. There is here a station of the coast-guard. 

 Petty sessions are held monthly. 



Antrim returns six members to the Imperial Parliament, two for 

 the county, two for Belfast borough, and one for each of the boroughs 

 of Carrickfergus and Lisburn. Belfast has been recently proclaimed 

 the county town, a rank formerly held by Camckfergus. The assizes 

 are held at Belfast, and the county prison is there. The county is in 

 the north-east circuit. Quarter sessions are held at Antrim, Ballymena, 

 Ballymoney, Belfast, and Carrickfergus : at each of these towns there is 

 a bridewell The county infirmary is at Lisburn ; the district lunatic 

 asylum, to which the county is entitled to send 23 patients, is at 

 Belfast. Fever hospitals are at Ballycastle, Belfast, and Lisburn. 

 There are a loan fund office at Antrim, and savings banks at Belfast, 

 Gncehill, and Lisburn : on November 20, 1851, the amount owing 

 to depositors was 116,4242. 3*., of which 106,4607. 4. ~d. was deposited 

 in the Belfast wrings bank. The union workhouses are at Antrim, 

 Ballycastle, Ballymena, Ballymoney, Belfast, Larne, and Lisburn. 

 The net yearly value of property rated to the poor is 702,917*. The 

 bead quarters of the Belfast military district are at Belfast, where also 

 is stationed the staff of the county militia. There are barracks at 

 Belfast and at Carrickfergus. The constabulary force, which numbers 

 229, including officers, ha* its head quarters at Ballymena : there are 

 M police stations in the county, forming six districts, of which the 

 bead quarter* are Antrim, Ballymena, Ballymoney, Belfast, Carrick- 

 fergus, and CusbendalL There are 21 coast-guard stations, at which 

 are 16 officer* and 129 men. In December, 1851, there were 339 

 National achool* in operation, attended by 15,746 male and 13,017 

 dren. 



. 



The baronies of Lower and Upper Dunluce and Carey constitute the 

 distriot called ' the Route,' a corruption of the ancient Dalriada ; the rest 

 of the county, with the greater part of the county of Down, was formerly 

 included in the territory of Dalaradia. In the earliest historic period 

 jakpart of Ulster waa inhabited bv the Cruithne, a people of Pictish 

 onguv. Some of the ancient British names of place* are still retained. 

 On tb* cooquert of Ireland by Henry4I., Antrim was reduced with 

 the rest of the petty kingdom of Dalaradia, of which Downpatrick wa* 

 that tune the principal place. It was constituted a county by 

 King John, who erected the castle of Carrickfergus in 1210, and it 

 was regularly governed by English laws until the revolt of the native 

 1 in 1333, who, taking advantage of the murder of 

 WUbam d. ' Burgho, earl of Ulster, at Belfast, crossed the Bann, 

 beyond which they had been expelled, and regained the entire county 



with the exception of Carrickfergu* and a portion of the Glens. The 

 (ileus were held by the Anglo-Norman family of Biasett of Glenarm, 

 ind passed by marriage, early in the 15th century, to the family of 

 Macdonnell of the Isles, by whom many Scottish settlers were intro- 

 duced. Their descendants mixed with the ancient Irish population, 

 and still inhabit those valleys and *peak the Irish language. The rest 

 of the county was ruled by the O'NeilU, the leaders of the native 

 clans, who had returned in the 14th century to their former seat*, 

 until the rebellion and forfeiture of Shane O'Neill in the reign of 

 Queen Elizabeth. Sir John Petrol, Sir Henry Sidney, and Sir Arthur 

 Chichester, in that and the succeeding reign, restored the English 

 government, and by colonisation from England and Scotland laid the 

 Foundation of the present social stability and prosperity of the county. 



(Ordnance Survey; Dubourdieu's Surrey of Antrim; Reeves's Ecde- 

 riattKol Anlitfuitia of Down and Connor ; Original Common ieativni.) 



ANTRIM, a post and market-town and the seat of a Poor-Law 

 Union, in the parish of Antrim, barony of Upper Antrim and county 

 of Antrim, Ireland, is situated in 54 42' N. lat, 6 18' W. long, ft 

 is distant 160 miles N. from Dublin, and 13J miles N.W. from Belfast 

 by the high road, or 28 miles by the Belfast and Ballymena railway : 

 the population in 1841 was 2645 ; in 1851 it was 2324, exclu 

 398 inmates of the union workhouse. Antrim Poor-Law t'nioii 

 comprises 19 electoral divisions with an area of 116,392 acres, and 

 a population in 1841 of 46,820 ; in 1851 of 41,538. 



The town is pleasantly seated on the right bonk of the Six-Mile- 

 Water River, three quarters of a mile above the point where it 

 Lough Neagh. Antrim or Alndnun (' the one height') which at a 

 little distance is still distinguished by a round tower, was formerly 

 the site of a monastery. The modern town owes its origin to the 

 English family of Clot worthy in the 17th century ; it is now the 

 property of the Viscount Masgareene, whose residence, Antrim Castle, 

 a large castellated building, is situated in a handsome park, laid out 

 in the taste of Louis XIV., on the right bank of the river below the 

 town. The town consists chiefly of one long, wide, and tolerably well 

 built street. The church, a respectable building with a fine 

 stands near the river, and the market-house and castellated entrance 

 to the adjoining park are at the western extremity. There ore here 

 two congregations of the Presbyterian General Assembly and one of 

 the Presbytery of Antrim. Quarter sessions are held in the town. 

 There are here a loan fund, a bridewell, and a station of the consta- 

 bulary force. The town formerly sent two members to the Iri^li 

 Parliament, but was disfranchised at the time of the union. Antrim 

 was the scene of an engagement between the king's troops and tin- 

 insurgent United Irishmen, in which the latter were defeated, on the 

 7th June, 1798. The linen manufacture is extensively carried on in 

 the neighbourhood. The bleachgreens in the vicinity have a pleasing 

 appearance. " The linen webs of a snowy whiteness, spread on green 

 closely-shaven lawns sloping to the sun, and generally bounded by a 

 sparkling outline of running water, have a delightfully fresh and 

 cheerful effect, seen aa they usually arc with their concomitant* of 

 well built factories and handsome dwelling-houses." 



(Ore/nance .Surrey .- Irish Penny Journal.) 



ANTUODOCO. [AURUIZO.] 



ANTWERP, one of the nine provinces of the kingdom of Belgium, 

 is bounded N. by the Dutch province of North Brabant, K. l.y 

 Limbourg, S. by South Brabant, and W. by East Flanders and 

 Zeeland. Its length from N. to S. in about 35 miles, from K. to W. 

 40 miles. The area of the province is 700,102 acres or 1094 square 

 miles: the population on the 1st of January, 1849, was 413,824, 

 which gives an average of 878'26 to the square mile. The population 

 of the province in 1831, 1840, and 1849, stands tint* in the v 

 inent returns : 1831, 849,962 ; 1840, 371,157 ; 1849, 413,824. 



The province of Antwerp is flat, fertile, and highly rult iv.it . .1. The 

 soil, which is generally alluvial, yields in perfeeti,, n all the crops 

 common to England and the north of K ranee. The district called the 

 'polders' extends along the Scheldt!, from the neighbourhood of 

 Antwerp to Zantvliet ; it was originally a marsh which was flooded by 

 every tide, its surface being lower than the level of the river at high 

 water. Dykes having been built to keep off the tide, the surface of 

 the marsh was drained by means of water-wheels turned by windmills, 

 and what was before an unhealthy swamp was changed into the richest 

 pasture and arable land. There are some barren heaths in the north 

 and north-east of the province. The province is well wooded, espe- 

 cially towards the south. The inclosures made by ditches, dykes, 

 and trees are kept in good order : some live hedges ore found, but 

 they are reckoned injurious. Good crops of wheat, rape, and carrot* 

 line the road all the way between Antwerp and Mechlin. Many fields 

 of broom may be observed along this rood : the stems of the broom 

 after three years' growth furnish fuel for the kitchen or the oven, and 

 are also used in burning bricks ; the ground also is found to bo in 

 very excellent condition after the broom is cut down, and secures the 

 farmer a heavy crop. The houses are strong, built of brick or stone, 

 and generally thatched with straw : the roads are paved with broken 

 stones. The principal rivers are the SCUELDE and its feeders the 

 Rupel, the Greater Nethe, the Less Ncthe, and the Dyle. By means 

 of these rivers, all of which are navigable, and by its numerous canals 

 and railroads, the province has excellent means of communication, not 

 only with every part of Belgium, but with France, Prussia, and the 



