6S1 



ATHENS. 



ATHENS. 



622 



the walls as inclosing a much narrower apace, the southern wall 

 being wholly confined to the right bank of the Ilissus, and that on 

 the west passing over the summit of the Museium Hill and the Pnyx : 

 on the north-east he makes the wall extend somewhat farther than 

 on the plan of Keipart. Forchhammer has however clearly proved 

 in his ' Topographic von A then ' and elsewhere that the walls of 

 Themistocles must have had a more extended circuit than Leake 

 upposed, and his views appear to be now generally admitted. The 

 walls of which Leake found traces on the Pnyx and the Museium Hill 

 are probably those erected in the reign of the emperor Valerian. 

 Beginning with the Gate of Acharnse on the north the wall ran 



clearly that the wall was here continued along the heights on the left 

 bank of the Ilisaus, and carried round so far to the south as to 

 include the Panathenaic Stadium, the Ardettus, Helicon Hill, and 

 the Monument of the Amazon, which stood south of the Ilissus near 

 the Itonian Gate. It then proceeded westward as far as the Melitian 

 Gate, where it again crossed the Ilissus. Thence its course was 

 northward by the Peiraic Gate to the Sacred Gate, comprehending 

 the whole of the hills of the Museium and Pnyx, which Leake sup- 

 posed it to cross, as well as the hill of the Nymphs and the theatres 

 of Artemis, Aristobulus and Demeter, which he supposed to have 

 been outside of it. That the hill of the Museium was within the 



Circuit of the city before 



the Pemian wars. 

 -- Rnnteof the Panathenate 



procession. 

 1. Altar of the twelve Gods. 



'"H of Harmodius and 

 Aristogelton. 

 inm. 

 fat, 

 6. Status. 



6. 'TVmplp, of Aroti. 



7. M"^yrhpium and Cyloniom. 



iary of KumcnMM. 



10. Temple of Aphrodite Urania. 



It. T'-mi If "f Hephsesrns. 

 13. Kiiry^a eliirn. 



Colonos Agoneus. 



Pylis of Hermes Agorseus. 



Monument of Phil'jpappus. 



Cimonian Graves. 



Temple of Artemis Arilto- 



bnlns. 



Temple of Demeter. 

 Heroum of Chalcodon. 

 Pompcium. 

 Temple of Hercules Alexi- 



cariis. 



Gymnasium of Hermes. 

 Heptarhalcum. 

 Pnyx fEcctesia). 

 Stoa RaslleioH. 

 Stoa Kletitheriotf. 

 Metroura. 



Temple of Apollo Patrons. 

 Odeium of Herodes. 

 Grotto of Pan. 

 Anacelum, Temple of the 



Dioscuri. 

 Amazonlum. 



Gymnasium of Ptolemsens. 

 Theseiura. 

 Temple of Hecate or Artemis 



Canute. 



Stoa of Athena Archegetis. 

 Gymnasium of Hadrian. 

 Horologium of Andronicus. 

 Pelaagicum. 

 Aslaurium. 

 Krechtbeium. 

 Propylaoa. 



43. Parthenon. 



44. Asclepieium. 



45. Theatre of Dionysus. 



46. Eleusinium. 



47. Prytaneium. 



48. Temple of w arapis. 



49. Temple of Eileithyla. 



50. Chorale Monument of Lysi- 



crates. 



81. Odeium of Pericles. 

 58. Lenmum. Temple of Dlony- 



Sus. 

 83. Temple of Ce(?). 



51. odiilnm. 

 55 Palladium. 



r-<5. Olympieitim, Temple of Zens. 

 67. Arch of Hadrian. 



58. Temple of Artemis Eucleia. 



59. Pherephattlum (?). 



60. Temple of Demeter and Core. 



61. Altarof Poseidon Heliconius. 



62. Temple of Tyche. 



63. Panathenaic Stadium. 



64. Delphinium. 



65. Temple of Aphrodite in the 



Gardens. 



66. Temple of the Ilissian MUSJP. 



67. Altar of Boreas. 



68. Cynosarges. 

 G9. Lyceiiini. 



70. Monument of the Amazon. 



71. Stoa Eumencia. 



72. Templeof Artemis Agrotera. 



73. Tomt) of I I.Ti'tli-s. 



ewtward to the Kqnestrian Gate, where it turned south-east, leaving 

 on tb east Mount Laycabettus (called Anchesmus by Leake, the 

 Hill of the Nymphs on the west of the city and within the walls 

 being called l/ycabcttun by him), and then past the Diomeiau Gate to 

 tho Gate of Diochar<;, which I-il t,, the Lyceium. Almost imme- 

 dU*te)y nonth of this gate Leake makes the wall turn westward and 

 eontinna parallel to the Ilimus on the west or right side of that 

 utrcorn to th Fountain Callirrhoe, or Knnmcrunuii ; ami thence to 

 the hill of the Museium. But Forchhammer hag shown pretty 



walls of the city is expressly stated by Pausanias (i. 25, 8), and if 

 so it in evident that the walls must have included the Pnyx also. 

 From the Sacred Gate the course of the wall was north-east to the 

 Dipylum or Ceramic Gate, which led to the outer Cerameicus, or 

 great burial-ground, and to the Academia or School of Plato. A line 

 from the Dipylum to the Gate of Aoharnw completes the circuit.. 

 Very few vestiges of the walls remain. 



The city was connected with its ports, Peirsous, Munychia, and 

 Phalerum, by two Long Walls (/txtutpa reixi), and a third called the 



