. -. v 



ml fcr htttins ahfe*) i* very durable. Bombay being 

 U*_ tWfc.Ito of Malabar M4 Onjarat. n3n. ~ 



Bombay built 



thai blow* 



aftar 



Ma*o>,eT4 

 rby 



and added to UM naval force of UM country, 

 nc: -pui 



in I MO. w! 



' 



1.1 .-. li.mt-j in 



UM. USM *e^ Msnte 



at any asssos frnnt European*. Mid duo* 

 endUae-of battle ship* have been built at 



to Ik* trad* with Europe and with Chine, vry great 



iliilij iniillu mil nil nil iti r -^- " * 



ideef lndM,6>jeaCCDormtotheOttlfof Cutoh. The vsssili 



and from the south, ootton, hemp, coir, 

 >. BIIIIISI. no*,' and cocoa nuts. The merchandise thus brought 

 in gnat part re-exported in larger ship* to diflercnt 

 North and South America, to Canton, to the 

 gulf*, and to the Bay uf BaogaL Thegood**ent 

 i IndM to China comprise principally ootton-woul, opium, metals. 



fines, dye-wood^ and woollen food*. 



Bombay rrcetvw from Pri raw .ilk. copper, pearls, galls, coftee, 

 rum anbtc, copal, n, vrrb. olibanum, bdellium, aafirUda, dried fmiU, 

 hmass. and bullion. The return* are grain, Bengal and China sugar. 

 IhllMi satsjifintiirsd foods, ootton and woollen, and spice*. The 

 BMrcaaodM .rat to Calcutta from Bombay, in return for sugar, indigo, 

 and nor. ar* timber, ooir, cocoa ouU, sandal wood, and cotton. 



foUon form* the mo*t important articlo of export from IS.imbay. 

 It n reosind from the provinces of Oujerat and the Concan. from 

 Malabar. Catch, and Sinde. The aUpmeata from England to Bombay 

 I of Ike twoal assortment of British manufacture* and metal* ; 

 I for which are mad* in Permian raw Uk, cotton-wool, spice*, 



Ik* mernantile ertabliahmenU conducted in Bombay are an 

 I company, bank*, a mint. *c. An experimental line of rail- 

 way from Bombay, to or Daw Calian (a distance of about 40 milea), 

 wtla a i :rw i.. iu extension to the Malaej Ghaut, waa authoriaed in 

 1M>. The Keet India Company granU the land that may be require I, 

 and goanatM to the Eart India Peninsular Railway Company a 

 retm of t par wot. on lh.eai.ital for 99 yean. 



TV. ssasaeti from UM poctof Bombay are oonaidered to be the beet 



-L-II"-- I " ' '-''- The weetaro ooa<U of India are infested 



by numerous piratical vaawls, and to kaep these la check it ha* been 

 sin i nary for the Eaet India Company to maintain a conaiderable 

 aval fore, at thia station. The nary thua maintained U not for the 

 of Burnt.. : !, protection of an eztanaire 



which every part of Britiah India derive* 



BomUy ha* been UM chief Indian port connected with the 

 of .team communication with England. In 18S7 

 sal* Bade voyage* from Bombay to Snea, and continued 

 to ran in IBM and ISM. By the month of May 1843, then were 

 eight steam TM*1* employed on the Bombay and Sues route. In 

 IM a plan we* adopted ondsr the united sanction of the Admiralty, 

 the Tnamry. and the East India Company, for a regular monthly 



> way of Alexandria and Sues ; and 



ll<*ary of 

 Lt: 



nisei nn of mail, by atosca, by way of 

 syetom has bean since maintained 



Jfcav^r e/ Jfey e/ HinJula* ; Mill 1 * 



Vmcaafa ftrifh, e/ O< Erytkm* .Vo, ,rt 

 e fmUi, ITo-i (ax India), I8S1 ; 



(< 



m and Mport in the French pa suasion* i: 

 AMsn, Is stUsated in the pmvino. of Cotutantins, 85 mil 

 the eHy of Cm !> I. S70 mile. E. from the 

 i*r S- JC. lei. r ir . long., and ha. . population of about 10,000. 

 ef whom MM an Eeuwosana. It lisa on the west side of a bay in 

 which than U food ushsmy. The harbour which was formerly 

 hehaw. * with and hsa been greatly improved by the French, and 

 thaw now has ragnlar Stan* snsnm.mlantlua with Algier*. Tunia, 

 ManeUU. and Cetto. The Haibooa, a eonwIerabU river, enter, the 

 ~. ahnrt two B..U. to the snath-eta* of Bona. Bona U I. ...i at the 

 psvtef a htO which Has* to the north and oortb-wost of the town, 



stsh rm* UM extremity ef a rldfs that runs westward 

 tethe*sn.Mmrs*UMOifaf Store. The town iteelf 1 



. 



i"*i'i *T a waO ilramythea.J by aoamr* toverm, and pierced by 

 fcarfiM* The ehiaf demnee of UM plage Fort Cwogn*, which u 

 a III III the hill aho*o UM town. The rtr*rU are narrow and 



that the) 

 Oettifcri 



narrow and 



have taken plan one. the French 

 Xew aqoarai and marketo, a theatre, and 

 and reading roome opened, 



nd ani P>ekn 



ta|M*ry. .addles sod horns furniture ar. 

 tsjnd. The export, include com, wool, 



to t) 



and 4000 inhtMtennC 



Along UM coast eastward of Bona were the French settlement, of 

 U Call, and Bastion de Franca, which France retained by ancient 



tie. with UM Regency * Algian for the protection of the coral 

 nsbery along this oooat. 



Bona is a corruption of the ancient name Hippon or Hif>|H. . the 

 Arab* call it IMed-el.Anb. TL country about t U very fen 

 corn and fruite. Between the town and tl.e Seiboo* i* a inandi, > 

 U Hi*JSil by two small riven that flow into the Seiboo* ju*t above 

 iu entrance into the aea. This marsh is believed to have been the 

 ancient harbour of Hippo Regius, the scanty remains of which town 

 are seen about a mile and a half south of Bona. . 81 



Augustine wa* bishop ; the town was destroyed by the Kalif Othman. 

 \ VIST A. [CATS VERDE.] 



BOXi'lll'lK'H i \Vi..nr, ISLE ur.l 



BONHILL, a town in the pariah of Bonhill and district of Levenax 

 or Lennox, Dumbartonshire, Scotland. The pariah U divided in its 

 length into almost equal parts by the south end of Loch Lomond, and 

 the river formed by it, the Leven, from which the district derives iu 

 name, and which falls into the Clyde at Dumbarton. Tho population 

 of tho town of Bonhill in 1851 was S 



The town U situated on both banks of the Leven, about five milea 

 above Dumbarton. A mile nearer thin town and on the right bank of 

 the stream is the thriving village of Alexandria, with a population of 



The inhabitant* are chiefly engaged in print-works and bleachflolda 

 on the baukj of the Leven, the water of which, from it* aoftneat and 

 purity, u peculiarly fitted for the processes of printing and bleaching. 

 Coala, lime, and other article* required in manufacture* are brought 

 up the river in (hallow broad-bottomed lighten. The extensive work* 

 on the river are generally the property of mercantile house* in 

 Qlaagow. The Leven i* celebrated for it* fine salmon and trout. 



lieaide* the pariah church of Bonhill there ia a chajwl-nOaae at 

 Alexandria. At both place* are chapel* for Free Church and United 

 Preabyterian DiaKnton. There are alao two chapel* in Alexandria 

 fur InilepondenU. 



BOXIFACIO, Town and Strait of. [CORSICA.] 



! N ..r AIlZOBISl'o ISLANDS, u group in the Japanese Sea, 

 extend in a direction nearly north and south between 26* 30' and 

 N. lat, the centre line of the group being in about 142* 15' 

 K. long. The islands were named by Captain Beechey, who visited 

 them in 1 827. The northern cluster he called ' Parry's Group ; ' to 

 the middle cluster, consisting of three larger island*, he gave the 

 name* respectively of ' Peel,' ' Buckland,' and ' Stapleton,' and the 

 southern cluster he called ' Baily'a Islands.' 



The islands are of volcanic formation, and auioke i* seen to issue 

 from some of them : they are high, and wooded to the shores. 

 The ooasU are steep and craggy ; in many places basaltic columns 

 of a gray or greenish hue appear ; olivine, hornblende, and chalcedony 

 arc found. The islands are surrounded with sharp rugged rocks, and 

 often with coral reefs : the water around them is very deep. They 

 are all uninhabited except Peel Island, on which a few Europeans 

 and Malays have settled near Port Lloyd, The islands abound in 

 the cabbage and fan palms, the former of which i* nn excellent vege- 

 table, areca, pandanus, Umanu of Otaheite, and variou* other trees : 

 the aea alao contains abundance of turtle, ray, eels, cray-fiih, and 

 a great variety of ether fish, of the most beautiful colours. Of birds, 

 there are brown herons, plover, rail*, snipe, wood-pigeons, crows, and 

 small birds; alao a species of vampire oat, some of which measure 

 three feet across the extended wings, with a body eight or nine inches 

 in length. The islands are subject to earthquake*, and in winter to 

 violent itonna. The Bonin Island* abound in good harbours, and aru 

 frequently visited by whalers, who go to them for turtle, flsh, and the 

 cabbage palm. 



The ialanda were visited in 1853 by Commodore Perry of tho 

 I'nitod States navy, who recommended the purchase of Port Lloyd 

 a* a .topping place for steamers between California and Chins. From 

 the Commodore'* <li]wtcli tli following notice of Peel Island U taken 

 with alight alter*ticm ami omissions : 



situated on the western side, and nearly in tho 

 centre of Peel Inland. It i* easy of ingress and egress, and may be 

 oonaidered a safe and conim-. l> ..,- harbour, though of deep anchorage, 

 hips usually anchor! UK in from 18 to 22 fathoms. The safest anchor- 



.. : ...... 1: 



abundant of which a 



age ls to be found ss high up the harboir- a* a .hip ran c.,nvr 



nig regard to depth and room for i wiii s -ius; -., cable. 



ni'l water can be obtained in abundance, though the former 



most be cut by the crew, and of course taken on board green. The 



i mining streams, snd i* of good quality. 

 few settlers .till remaining on Peel Island raise oonf 1 



Indian corn, onions, taro.and a few fruits the most 

 an water-melon*, banana*, and nine apple* ; a few 

 pigi and some poultry are also raised. For these they find ready sale 

 to the whale ship* constantly touching at the port for water and other 

 supplies ; they receive in exchange articles, of whioh ardent spirit* are 



<vptenle to many of the settlers. The soil is of ex, 



quality for cultivation, very much resembling that of Madeira and the 



Canary Islands (the Utter bem* in the same parallel of latitude), and 



.Imirably adapted for the cultivation of tho vine, 



and of wheat, tobacco, sugar-cane, and many other valuable plant*. Of 



