BO8TOX. 



BOSTON. 



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 nul 



naaansr* of shsac. and homed oattl* art sold at Uw Boston 

 dUwvtaraossmniant SMS in several adjacent part* of 



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MMaK 1 ) QMHM0B Mt4 BsWAOsMtsTV 4H BaJ fBDOVnMf * 



M-to 

 TVs. 



have 



of Boston by eaibling it to 

 WnNUas of agricultural produce. 

 of antiquity *irt near the town-the 



Kjmw Tower and Uwtloasry Tower. Kym* Tower is situated about 

 two sub* east fata Boston ; it is of brick, quadranguUr. and has an 

 i at Ha suulhst aarU oooUining a flight of about 

 II ia now Uw property of Uw Dean and Chapter of 

 Th* llusaay Tower is situated in Uw town, near St. 

 John's IU, and is all that mains of a baronial residence of Lord 

 Hsaaajv 

 (Reynolds. Cisisisstsry ea A Iii*mry e/ jta/oai'mu ; Tanner, 



, *.MSIM . Thompson. (W/erfmu / /forory */ Bo.'o.) 

 BO- -A Males of Anwrioa. canted of Suffolk county and 



of Uw sis*, of alsssanhnsatia, is situate! in 4V SI' N. lat. 

 W. loaa>, OS nules M.K. from WaJiington, at Uw bottom of Massa- 

 ts Bay, on a paoiasuta above two mile* long, and in no part 

 r than on* mil* broad. The narrow isthmus by which the 

 ssja ia jomed to Uw mainland is called Boston neck, and the 

 of Uw ssa which waabea Uw peninsula on it* north and west 

 is aasasd Cbarias Rivsr. 



fooaded about Uw year 1980 by the settlers established 

 of Ma 



on Uw shore of Massachusetts Bay, contiguous to 

 Its Indian name was Shawinut, from the springs 

 in Uw locality it was also called Triuiountain, from 

 lass, lofty lulls on and around which it is built The name of 

 Bsston was riven in compliment to Uw Kev. John Cotton, who had 

 baan a iliifjssaa at Boston in Lincolnshire, from which place he 

 was driven by Uw religious persecution to which the original 

 of Uw X*w EagUnd colonies must be ascribed. 



claimed, and by their voluntary expatriation 

 for securing the right of regulating their own 



doctrine, but they did not learn the justice of 

 il from 



their own ; the very first 



held fa Uw colony passing a law by which' none 

 wn could be admitted to any share in the govern- 

 or be capable of being ehosan as magistrates or serving as 



The sabacD* of taxing America by the British Parliament met 

 owhsr* with a mere daddsd opposition than in Boston. The Hum p 

 AM was to earn* into operation on Uw 1st of November, 176S ; but 

 ^tonsil to thnt day serious riot* took place in Uw streets of Boston; 

 Uw tieikffae; intended for Uw reception of the stamps was pulled 

 down, and Uw UsrtamBigiiiaiiuii was forced to quit the city. On 

 Uw amral of aonw norwfcjnmeiita of tea at Uw port in December 

 1771, a party of Uw man of Boston, disguised as Mohawk Indians, 

 f'liil"! <* board Uw tea ships then lying at the wharf, and emptied 

 Uw traiiali of evry aneat Into Uw ssa. The British Parliament in 

 coswsqvsne* pasasd an Act making Uw landing and shipping of goods 

 at Uw town or harbour of Boston illegal, until full compensation 

 shoold be sjada by Uw town to Uw East India Company, and until 

 Uw kfaf fa oounoU should be attuned of the r-stablihment of 

 stdar fa Uw town. A sabasquant Act Tasted in the crown the 

 . of nil municipal and judicial offloan ; by a third Act, 

 i power to sand for trial to England 

 Hsmal UM revenue, or of rioting in 



K~lr m the rrrolutionan war Boston became the scene of 

 In June 1771 a battle took place at Bunker's Hill, nn 

 north of Charts* Kivar. between Uw Royalist force, under 

 iowa, who than oaoupisd Uw town of Boston, and the 

 i undsr General PuUias. Ths Knavish after having bean 





 but with . |o of 1100 killed and 



An obsUk has bean erected on Bunker's 

 Uwbattts. In UwfoOowfaa; month General 

 ' haoontfaaad toinvnt until 

 .and 



' 



Uw means of com- 

 Old Bosh*. TUUr^stof 



structure of granite, filled in with earth, a mile and a half 

 to Brookline, and constitutes a dam about 000 acres in extent, whi< li 

 affords by the flowing of the tide a great watar-powi r Tin- I .ridges 

 are well lighted with r, and most if not all of them hare a 'draw' 

 in the centre to allow the passage of -In i . are also several 



railway bridges or viaduct* ovrr the river, Boston in the < 

 n extensive system of railway communication, reaching to (Canada 

 IP Mississippi. There are seven railway tern ..is as 



they are called : the finest of these buildings is the Pichtburg in 

 Causeway Street ; it is built of stone. These seven depot* are the 

 termini of the great trunk-lines which a few miles from Boston 

 throw off numerous branches. In November 1853 no leas than 126 

 trains daily left the city. The Atlantic and St-Lawrenoe railway, 

 now partly open, will when coinpl. t,-,l ; ,ii,. r d din-ct railway com- 

 munication between Boston and Montreal ; and another Hue running 

 by Concord, New Hampshire, and Haverhill, forms n junction with 

 one of the Montreal lines. From Boston tho Middlesex Canal runs 

 to the Merrimack Itiver at Chelincf : 1. 



With the exception of a spot in the south-western part of the 

 city, called the Common, containing about 48 acres, planted with 

 trees, furnished with seats, and forming a fine promenade and place 

 of recreation for the residents, tho Public Garden, a space of 

 about 12 acres, and several open squares, the whole of the p. nm-nU 

 is occupied by buildings. Many of the best houses and public 

 buildings are built of granite, many of the streets are paved with 

 granite, and the city ia often named by way of comp' 

 Granite City.' The older houses are of wood ; those of later erection 

 are generally of brick or stone. The city ia lighted with gas. Those 

 street* which remain as they were originally planned are narrow and 

 crooked, and the old wooden houses in them are of small dimensions. 

 In the modern part of the city the streets are wide and straight, and 

 the houses spacious. The original inequality of the surface has been 

 preserved, and there are numerous eminences which rise from 50 feet 

 to upwards of 100 feet above the sea, giving a pi> .jiear- 



ance to the town. Among the public buildings are t 

 in which the Legislature of Massachusetts holds ita sittings ; the 

 County Court House; the City Hall, or Old Court llnusr; K:iiit>iiil 

 Hall, a brick edifice erected about 1740, naiuuil H.iaton 



merchant who presented it to the city, known as the 'cradle of 

 liberty,' because in it were generally held the meetings preceding and 

 connected with the revolution, and still the favourite place for ]>ul>lic 

 meetings for the citizens : the hall in which public meetingx nru held 

 it "0 foot square and 28 feet high, with galleries on 

 supported by two ranges of Ionic columns ; the Custom House, built 

 in the form of a cross, and having fine porticoes in front ; the Exchange, 

 erected in 1842 ; the Massachusetts Hospital ; the House of Ind< 

 Quincy Market, a granite building 600 feet by 38 feet ; the House 

 of Correction ; three theatres ; a museum ; two buildings of granite, 

 which are used for concerts and lectures ; and several halls belonging 

 10 different associations. The State House stands on an eminence 

 called Beacon Hill, 110 feet above the level of the sea, commanding 

 on extensive view of the bay and surrounding country. In the 

 building is a fine statue of Washington. The Boston Athcnscum has 

 two large buildings, one of which contains a library of nl>o\it 30,000 

 volumes ; the other contains rooms for lectures, &c., and a pi< 

 r;allery. There are in Boston 100 place* of worship, 15 belonging to 

 Congregationalists ; 1 2 to Baptist* ; 12 to Episcopalians ; 1 1 to Metho- 

 dists ; 1 2 to Roman Catholics ; 20 to Unitarians ; and 6 to Universalists ; 

 ADI) tliu remainder to various minor denominations. Some of 

 th churches are handsome buildings. St. Paul's church in Common 

 Street contains a monument to tho memory of Dr. Warmi. who was 

 killed at the battle of Bunker's Hill. Franklin who wn bom in 

 Boston has a monument erected to his memory in the old burying- 



;!< known as the Granary-ground. 

 South Boston, extending alone; 



Boston, extending* along the south side of the harbour for 

 about twn miles, contains about 600 acres regularly Inid out in 

 streets and squares. Near the centre of this division of Boston are 

 the Dorchester Height*, 130 feet high. 



Kast Huston is on an inland which contains about 660 acres of 

 land, with a large quantity of flats. Constant communication is 

 kpt up with Old Boston by a ferry. It is connect hebea 



-n '!' mainland by a bridge 600 feet long. East Boston has arisen 

 within the last 20 years, and now has a population of 211,000. 



The progress of the city will be seen from the following stat< 

 of the amount of its imputation at various dates from the bejrinnini; 

 of the last century: 



*** PopoUtlon. Tear. Population. 



>'<> ',"0 1SJO . . . 4J.298 



I'M .... 17,i7 1830. . . . 61 392 



'65 . . . li.iSO 1MO . . . 93,388 



KM .... 18,03( U4J. . . . 114,366 



1100 J4.917 1850 . . . 1:1.1,788 



U thus appears that in 1850 the population of the city was nearly 

 nix-fold it* amount in 1800. Within a short distan. i v are 



numerous towns and villages, many of which have piers at 

 place., including Hingham, Hull, guin.y, .M 



burg, llrookline, Brighton, Newton, Watertown, ( mnbrid"c, Charles- 

 town, Chelsea, Maiden, MedJtord, and Somenille. Indeed as a 



