-. 



JIllIDLINGTON. 



an area of 85.SM none, 

 Book under the name of 



BritevwvAer & *)*nfc*oaj*jd ia DonM*4*iy Book iiminr UM name of 

 Brpe. WUttM. de Briwere. to whom H.nry II. had granted the 

 ma***, bwh oa*Ue of .i)nidrM* Mnagth at BridgewtUr, and 



[Joan for UM lava a market and a fair ; he 

 I uf at John. oamtoHag of a magUr. brethren, and 

 .'of theorderofSL Augusti*. Thi* banpiul had very 

 ID UM w*.t |n of UM t-.u wa* a priory of 

 u*, dedicated to Si Franci*. There wa* also 



M LeUna** UBM n ho*ph*J for leper*. UM founder of St. John. 

 bridge of Utrw archc* over the river 



Parret; Uu* wa* completed in the ragn of Edward L by Sir Thomas 

 Trivet 



BrtdgewaUr WM on* of UM town* tht wm Uken by the baron* 

 duriacth*irr<*uKa*>u>st KingHeurylH. In the civil wars it stood 

 wtTkM.1 time for UM king. In July. 146, Colonel Wyndham, the 

 mraor, WM compelled to eurrender, when UM oaitle wa* dismantled : 

 UM only iiMuim of it DOW existing are the aally-port and some mall 

 ' I portion* of UM walla, The inhabitant* of Bridgewater *up- 

 i to the throne of UM Duke of Monmouth, who wan 



king by UM mayor and corporation. 



ih church, dedicated to St. Mary, U a handaome structure, 



>( a nave, chancel, transept*, two side aisles and a tower, 

 d with a lofty apire. It hail recently been restored. There 

 Is also a ohapel-of-eaM in the pariah dedicated to the Holy Trinity. 

 There are place* of worship in Bridgewater for Independents, Baptists, 

 tethndseni. Quaker*, and Unitarian*. King James's Free Grammar 

 inhnol. founded in 1641, ha* an income from endowment of about IS/. 

 a year. It i* free to none : boy* of the borough pay 21. a quarter. 

 The number of *cholan in 1862 wa* about 30. In 1723 Dr. John 

 Morgan founded and largely endowed a school for the education of 

 the eon* of decayed tradesmen resident within the borough. A spa- 

 chu-.l-room and a boo** for the master wen erected in 1M 'i. 

 number of scholar* is about 160, of whom 30 are clothed on the 

 A school WM founded and endowed by Mr. Edward 

 Tackerell for the clothing, educating, and apprenticing the children 

 and grandchildren of certain of his relative*. The management is in 

 UM hands of trust*)**. Various other sums have been left for the 

 in4iii<inn of poor children. There are almabouses and an infirmary. 



The elective franchise was conferred on Bridgewater by Edward I. 

 in UM 23rd year of hi* reign, since which time it ha* returned two 

 member* to Parliament It* first charter wa* granted by King John, 

 June 24th, 1200, and twelve other charters were granted to it between 

 that time and 1888. The town ia pleasantly situated, about nine 

 mile* from the ana, ia a level but well-wooded country ; to the north- 

 east are the Poldeo and Meudip hills, and on the west the Quantock 

 bilk. Tbe river Parret, over which there is a handsome iron bridge, 

 divide* the town into two part*. The principal part of the town is 

 o UM left bank of the river. The streets, although rather irregular, 

 are of good width and paved ; the houses are generally well built : 

 UM town is lighted with gas. The town-hall is a good building The 

 jail U convenient in it* internal arrangements. The market-house is 

 a rather haiMknm* structure, surmounted with a dome and lantern. 

 KKgvr, that part of the town which i* on the right bank of the 

 river Parret, ha* greatly increased ainoe the formation of the BrUtol 

 and Exeter railway, the station of which i* in Eastover. It possesses 

 a very handaome church dedicated to St. John the Evangelist 



Tbe river Parret i* navigable a* far a* Bridgewater for veesels of 

 700 ton*, bat It i* subject, like some other river* in the Bristol 

 ik*nil. to a rue of nearly aix fathom* at spring-tide*. The flow of 

 UM tide U praoeded by a head-water commonly termed the ' bora,' 

 wkteb often produce* much inconvenience among the shipping. The 

 nrinnitial import* to Bridgewater are grain, coal*, tallow, aud timber. 

 Coat* are imported from Walea, and conveyed into the interior of the 

 try by mean* of UM river Parret and a canal. Tbe Parret is 



81st. l6t, a. under SO Ion* banian, M veeaela, tonnage, I!"-'] ; 

 above 60 ton*. M v**nk, tonnage, 10,148 ; with 2 .teara-veeeels, 81 

 ton*. Tbe ammbir and tonnage of venwl* entered and cleared at the 

 port of Bridgewater during the year 1852 wen a* follow* : Coast- 

 wj.mwank.JW2 vee>*k, 1M.M8 ton*; outward*. 1170 vem.1*, 

 - ton*. Ia UM colonial and foreign trad* there entered 68 

 *** of Mf ton*, and cleared 16 veasel* of 8044 ton*. 



A naaufcHuti peculiar to and constituting UM staple trade of 

 y*%wntei. i* UM fabrication of that kind of white brick known as 

 Bath brick : thi. branch at industry give* employment to many of 

 the iahaUteaU. There are market* on Turn lay, Thursday, and 



r ; that on Thursday being the principal market for pro 

 and e*pecially (or cneeae, for which thV neighbourhood is 

 d. Fain are held on the flnt Monday in Lent, July 24th, 

 October 2nd. and December 27th. Tbe fair ou October 2nd, called 

 BC MatUww . Fair, which i* held by royal charter, wa* form. > 

 art HoeBenrtebin and UM adjoining counties, and i* (till of con 

 Ifaidgewater f.mmm a saving* bank. A 



county court i* held in the town. Petty aoaniuiw are held weekly for 

 the borough, and monUily fr the county. The July quarter Kieaoni 

 are held ia Bridgewater, and the *u miner aaiise* are held here alter- 

 nately with Well*. Bridgewater wa* the birthplace of Admiral Blake, 

 who received hi* education at the Oramrnar school in the town. 



imil>ii:\\ ATKIi. [VAS DIEMKN'S LAM..] 



HlUDl.lMiTO.N", formerly written BRELLINOTON, but now 

 commonly pronounced ' Burlington,' E*t Riding of Yorkshire, a ]>"rt 

 and market-town in the parwh of Bridliugton aud wapeutake of 1 ii.-k- 

 ering, U situated in 54' 6' N. lat, 12' W. long., distant 40 miles 

 E. by N. from York, 20U miles N. from London by road, and -'"I 

 mile* by the Great Northern (viA Boston aud Hull) and North MM 

 land railways. The population of the town of liridlington with 

 Bridliugton Quay was 2432 in 1851. The living ia n perpetual curacy 

 in the archdeaconry of the East Riding and diocese of York. Hrid- 

 lington Poor-Law Union contains 32 parishes and townships, with an 



en of 63,410 acres, and a population in 1851 of 14,2<>1. 



The town is about a mile from the east coast. At this place the 

 surface which farther north is hilly, subsides into a flat, which extend* 

 along the coast to Spurn aud thence to Hull, and comprises the whole 

 of the fertile alluvial tract called Holderueas. 



Bridlingtou is considered by some authorities to have been the site 

 of a Roman station Qabrautovicorum. l-'Umlmrough Hfitd is tl . 

 by some good antiquaries to be the Or -Hum I'romoutorium ; though 

 the received opinion is that Spurn Head better agrees with its posi- 

 tion. The road to York cullr I tin- York road, appears to have been 

 a British road, perhaps improved by the Romans. The remains 

 which determine the exact sites of inland towns inhabited by the 

 Romans, have here beeu long swept away by the encroachment* of 

 the aea. After the invasions of the Danes, and after the Saxons had 

 established themselves in Britain, the north portion of the country 

 was the last subdued ; nor wa* this effected until the lauding at 

 flamborough of Ida, in 547. A srrirn of parallel iir 

 intersect the Wolds from east to west, and near the extremity 

 Wolds shorter lines occur in difien-ut directions. Tradition Mn 

 them to the Danes ; and this locality wa* undoubtedly their strong- 

 hold for nearly three centuries. Several engagement* were fought 

 here between the Dane* and the Saxons and Normans. The Danes' - 

 tower, near Klamborough, is plainly of Norman architecture. Great 

 numbers of tumuli are spread over the Wolds, some in groups, others 

 detached. The group called ' Danes' -graves' comprises at present 

 about 200 barrows. The detached tumuli extend down to Flam- 

 borough Head. Some of them have been found to contain i. 

 skeletons, other* bronze and iron weapons, and a few British urns. 

 Specimens of these urns, now in the possession of a gentleman at 

 liridlington, were evidently formed by hand, and baked. In July 

 1834 a tumulus WOK opened at Grixthorpe, near Filey, a deacrijit 

 which was published by Mr. Williamson. The coffin was of oak, and 

 of the rudest shape and structure, the interior having bocu hollowed 

 out apparently with chisels and hatchets of flint. The body witliiu 

 the coffin was enveloped iu a strong skin. No pottery was found. 



Flint heads of arrows, and of a j:iv< lin, pins of horn, bone, and w I, 



:m> I the fragments of a horn-ring, were among the content of the 

 coffin ; in addition to which wa* a spear-head of brass or HOUIO other 

 cotnpomtion of metal. The body is considered to have been about 

 6 feet 3 inches in height, and it muscular attachments aro very strong. 

 The coffin and its contents are placed in the Scarborough Museum. 

 At the foot of the Wolds large Saxon barrows occur. In 1 

 party of gentlemen caused some ground in a field called Tuft-Hill, at 

 Kilhain, to be opened, when half-burned bones, pieces of urns, &c., 

 were found intermingled with the light sandy earth. In a sand-pit 

 at a short distance they discovered a human skeleton, about 3J feet 

 below the surface ; many ornament* of bra**, clasps, hooks, riugn, 

 and buckle* were found in different parts, as well as a Urge number 

 of amber and glass-bead* which lay about the neck. The legs of the 

 skeleton were crossed. Near Rudstou, five miles from Bridlington, 

 about aix years back, a large toaselated pavement was discovered by a 

 ploughman. Tbe design ia said to have differed from those of Roman 

 pavement*. The tessera were formed of the chalk-stones of the 

 neighbourhood, and were put together with considerable skill. An 

 account of the Beacon* will be found in PouUon's ' History <>t ll>il ler 

 new;' the (itea of nearly all tho*e referred to in Queen K!i/.al.et.h' 

 ' Letter to the Justices,' may be traced to thi* day : they are supposed 

 to be coeval with the Danish invasion. The derivation of the names 

 of many of the village*, a* well a* the common dialect of the inhabit- 

 ant-, i* evidently from the Saxon. 



After the Norman Conquest the manor of Bridlington formed part 

 of the extensive poaMssion* of Earl Morcar. To Walter de G.mt, 

 on of a nephew of tliu Conqueror, to whom the manor hnd Keen 

 granted, Bridliiifrton owes its priory, the most dUtinguiahing feature 

 in iU early history. When completed, probably in 1114, it was 

 peopled with canon* regular of the ord. r of St. Augustine. The 

 estate* of the priory were of immense extent, and in.-lml, -,1 not onlv 

 land* in it* vicinity but also in many other parts of Yorkshire MI, I I'M 

 Lincolnshire ; and they were largely added to by subsequent bene- 

 factors. Henry I. granted to the prior civil jurisdiction over the 

 manor aud town. John granted them an annual fair and a weekly 

 :.. ..,'. 



