BRISTOL. 



BRISTOL. 



149 



of th. 



: it now contains Marly 800 bora. The 

 ta founded by King Hanrr VII., for 

 boys of the cathedral. Queen Elisabeth's Free 

 . -mail andowad establishment under UM control 



-, QiMtti KHaabeth's HpiUl was founded in 1588 



b* Jok. CK. for boarofaf. oloUdng, and educating poor children and 

 orphan* of UMOy*nd of UM manor of Congiwbury. The estate hat 

 I'graatly fawrond fa vain* that the trusted have been enabled to 

 KfftWtb* nnmbar of boy. from $8 to 182, to enlarge the range of 

 , and to bofld a beautiful structure in lieu of the old one 

 Tha MW hospital was opened in 1847. It is 

 I on UM wtatern slope of Brandon Hill, on a tit* of four acres ; 

 and a* Uwr* hi an accent of 48 atop* np the slope of the hill to the 



nj itaetf U shown to great advantage. The 

 i. nearly 400 fa* in length, and it amply supplied with 

 , dormHariea, Uvatori**, baths, wardrobe room, dining- 

 (tatt rnnms, atek room*, kHohena, playgrounds, *c. Colston s 

 Vr* aohool (at which Chatterton was educated), Temple Street school, 

 UM RJ Maids' achool, Elbridge's Charity school, St Augustine's 

 Charity school, and the Pile Street achool, are among the older public 

 tenool* of Briatol In the Red Maids' school 80 girls (clothed in red) 

 wtr* to b* bo.rde.1 and educated till the age of 1 8 ; the improved 

 rmlu* of the **Uto ha* enabled the trustees to increase the number to 

 ISO, and to build a One new school-house in the Elizabethan style, 

 which has noently been opened. 



Among UM more modern schools of the city i< the Bristol College, 

 foundedin 1830 by a proprietary body, on the plan of King's College, 

 London : the college is in Park Street. The number of scholars in 

 185S was 0. The Bristol Education achool, the Clerical Education 

 school, UM Bristol Diooettn and Cathedral Middle Day school, the 

 Merchant* Hall achool, the Marine school, the Blue-Coat Girls school, 

 UM Briatol Adult school, the Hannah More schools, and the Counters! ip 

 tehoota are among the numerous public schools of Bristol ; to which 

 moat be added the National, British, Infant, and Ragged schools. 

 The Baptist denomination has a college for the education of young 

 moo Intended for the ministry. The college, which was founded 

 fa 1770, and hat an endowment of 942. a year, had 19 students 

 fa IMS. 



The hospitals and miscellaneous charities of Bristol ore very 

 numerous. St. Peter's Hospital, a very old building, is appropriated 

 for the relief of the tick poor. The Bristol Infirmary, in Marlborough 

 Sum*, U a large structure, with sufficient space and funds to receive 

 SM in patienta. Tha Bristol Dispensary and the Clifton Dispensary, 

 UM Bristol General Hospital, the Lying-in Institution, the Eye 

 Infirmary, and several Dorcas societies, assist in various ways the 

 tkk poor. The Asylnm for the Blind, in Park Street ; the Bristol 

 Deaf and Dumb Institution, in Park Row ; the Asylum for Orphan 

 Oirit ; the Clergy Society and the Gloucestershire Society are among 

 UM numerous charitable institutions ; to which may be added about 

 SO almthmitnt and minor charities. 



Tto Bristol Institution, a handsome building erected in Park-street, 

 npamd fa 1823, ha* a reading-room, a small library, and a museum, 

 eotiteJamg a venr fine collection of ancient and modern works of 

 art ; among which are Baily's statue of Eve at the Fountain, and a 

 complete Mt of cacte from the -figin marbles. The museum also 

 rich coIUetiptu in natural history and mineralogy. The 

 library, and the Medical Library 

 the city; the first named, besides 

 museum of natural history. The 



Bristol Athnuram is a literary and scientific institution for the middle 

 eta****; to lecture* are delivered at the Royal Albert Rooms. The 

 Victoria Rooms form on* of the batt modern buildings in Bristol ; 

 At lanr. haH is 117 faet long, 55 feet wide, and 47 feet high. The 

 building is tM*d for conceit*, exhibition*, and meeting*. There are 

 fa Bristol an aatambly room, and a theatre. 



Of UM municipal buildings the Council-house wa* built in 1824 in 

 r 1 * JHS** *** OTW * Principal entrance is a fine figure of Justice, 

 "7 ""T Anax*d to the ConnoU-houM Is a common hall for -he 

 daily adminUration of juttioa. The Bridewell Prison, in Bridewell 

 Uo.. wa. rtbnflt after UM riot in 1881. The jail, near Bathurst 

 ~1 structure, finiahed in 1820. The Custom 



wtn both rebuilt after the riots 



. . a quadrangular ediBoe, 110 feet long 



by I4 fctt to depth. Tb Interior I* now occupied chiefly as a con? 

 i m*rchant* preferring to assemble in the Commercial 

 Room*. That* room*, optnad fa 1811, art. situated in Can-Street, 

 S* **"?"* y"?!. 1 . *> *> newt-room*. The Merchant 

 Ha)1, ta Kiac Stratt, btlongi to a society. 



Bristol Ubrary, the Briatol Law Libra 

 arc the principal public libraries in the , 

 a large library, hat a valuable muset 



jLT^fti! if.i 01 * P** 1 ?* 1 >l>anta, i~ mm urge 

 1 only trading company remaining out ol 



b**flB*rfca*r to tlw^ mmfM4^ V i- . ' 



nw|mH^M mrw wuw owupwn at UuDiiinn-rooms. 

 r"* h T*iLJ r ^V!!r <WWb.ll. Broad Htr^t, opened in 18, 

 it ar^a.r^.n*obMn of UM Todor ttyU, having iotntral tower 

 Jtwo wing*. TW etntnl towtr b loftier than UM winga. The 



f^and Jlf^thigh; Omit of &L, SOfatt by 24 feetTanJ 1! 



feet high two CourU of Bankruptcy, each 80 foot by 24 feet, and 14 

 hat high ; and a Grand Jury Room, 33 feet by 15 feet, and 1 ', 

 high. The architect was Mr. R. 8. Pope, of Bristol. 

 ^Behind the exchange are the prim-ipal markets, designated the 

 High Street and the Nicholas Street markets. In the former are three 

 arcades for the sale of butter, cheete, poultry, eggs, and bacon ; ' 

 is alto a handsome new market-house for meat and vegetables. The 

 Nicholas Street market is for meat and poultry. Other markets are 

 located in different part* of the city. At the markets held in tlu< 

 Leather Hall in March and September, more leather is said to be sold 

 than at any other Air or market in the kingdom. 



Dotti, Commerct, ifanii/aetura. The clocks were cornim-in 

 1804, by a proprietary body, and were first opened in 1309. T! 

 channel of the Avon was converted into one floating harl>our, about 

 hree miles in length. The quays were mode to extend from 1 

 >ridge to the small atone bridge across the Froine, where that 

 ceases to be navigable, and form three sides of a parallelogram, the 

 eastern and southern being washed by the Avon, the western by the 

 ?rome. The total extent of quay is 2000 yards ; but these limits 

 admit of any extension along the banks of the harbour below the 

 town which the increase of trade may require. There are two 1 

 or the temporary accommodation of vessels entering or quitting the 

 larbour. Cumberland Basin, at Rownham, principally used by large 

 vessels, extends in length between the locks 275 yards, in extreme 

 width 147 yards; it becomes smaller towards the mouth, and en 

 tself through two locks into the Avon. Bathurst Basin, east of 

 Cumberland Basin, about 300 yards below the iron bridge at Bed- 

 minster, communicates with the Avon branch of the harbour, above 

 its junction with the Frome, and empties itself into the river Avon 

 through a single lock : it is used by the coasting-vessels, and is about 

 170 yards long, and of an average width of 80 yards. By the con- 

 struction of the harbour, important facilities wi-ru afforded to the 

 trade of the port. The actual cost of the docks exceeded 600.000J. ; 

 and the diviilond has seldom cxcce<lf<l 2 per cent. An Act wat 

 obtained in 1842 for improving the floating dock. 



About 60 years ago Liverpool began to overtake Bristol in shipping 

 and commerce. In 1786 the tonnage belonging to th.' port of 

 Liverpool amounted to 49,541 tons, comprised in 465 vessels; the 

 number of vessels belonging to the port of Bristol in 1787 was 360, 

 with a burden of 56,909 tons. In the some year the entire trade of 

 Bristol stood thus : Foreign trade British vessels in, 255, tonnage 

 38,502; out vessels 243, tonnage 37,542: foreign bottoms in, 09, 

 tonnage 11,112; out 66, tonnage 37,542. Coasting trade in vessels 

 1862, tonnage 66,200 ; out vessels 1632, tonnage 62,139 : Irish vessel* 

 in, 161, tonnage 9623; out 139, tonnage 9187. The port charges of 

 Bristol having been considerably in excess of the charges at the ports 

 of London, Liverpool, Hull, and Gloucester, this circumstance tended 

 to draw shipping away from Bristol to the other porta; and with :i 

 view to check the decline which had been gradually taking place in 

 the commerce of BrUtol, a new arrangement of the dock charges on a 

 lower scale was adopted under the powers of an Act of Parliament 

 obtained in 1848. By this Act the docks were transferred from the 

 company to the corporation. Additional grounds belonging to the 

 company were declared to be within the city of Bristol, in order to 

 the better exercise of corporate privilege*. The dock dues which 

 formerly varied from 6d. to 3. per ton, were reduced so as to range 

 from 4 J. to 1*. A borough assessment of 4rf. in the pound is to moke 

 up the lux* accruing from the change. On November 1 3th, 1848, a grind 

 procession paraded through Bristol to commemorate this important 

 alteration. It has been found that the arrivals and departures of 

 shipping have considerably increased since the new system was adopted. 

 The number and tonnage of vessels registered as belonging to the 

 port of Bristol on December 31st, 1852, were : Sailing veaseU under 

 60 tons, 153, tonnage 4577; above 60 tons, 191, tonnage 46,497: 

 Steam vessels, under 60 tons, 12, tonnage 304 ; above 50 tons, 19, 

 tonnage 8743. During 1862 there entered and cleared at the port- 

 in the coasting trade, sailing vessels, inwards, 550, tonnage 312,236; 

 outwards, 3765, tonnage 238,877 : steam vessels, inwards, '203, tonnage 

 65,471 ; outwards, 207, tonnage 65,486. In the colonial trade there 

 were, inwards, 180 vessels, of 66,171 tons; and outwards, 107 vessels, 

 of 37,131 tons. In the foreign trade the numbers were: Sailing 

 vessels, inwards, 450, tonnage 68,457 ; outwards, 155, tonnage 42,756 : 

 steam vessels, one inwards, 111 tons ; and one outwards, 590 tons. 



The foreign trade of Bristol principally consists in imports of sugar, 

 rum, wine, brandy, colonial and Baltic timber, tallow, nemp, turpen- 

 tine, barilla, dye-woods, fruits, wheat, and tea. The principal articles 

 of export are iron, tin, bricks, refined sugar, glass bottles, Irish linen, 

 and manufactured goods. Bristol derives a considerable portion of 

 her supply of foreign produce coastwise under bond principally from 

 IK.ol, but also from the minor ports of Gloucester, 

 iU-r, Exeter, Bamntaple, and Bidcford. The coast- 

 ing trade of Bristol is v<>ry considerable, particularly with Ireland. 

 pally consist of iron, tin, cool, salt, Irish linens, :md 

 agricultural produce : the export*, of articles of foreign and colonial 

 produce, particularly groceries, tea, wines, and spirits, and of the 

 manufactures of the place. The existing manufactures of Bristol are 

 glass buttles, crown and flint glass, brats-wire, pins, sheet-lead, zinc, 

 sptltov, chain-cablet, anchors, machinery, drugs, colours, dyes, painted 



