193 



BUNBURY. 



BURDWAN. 



101 



BUNBURY. [WESTERN AUSTRALIA.] 



BUNDELCU'ND, or BOO'NDELA, a division of the province of 

 Allahabad, in Hindustan, lies between 24 and 26 N. lat., and 77 

 and 82 E. long. This territory ia bounded N. by the river Jumna, 

 E. by Baghulcund, S. by Malwa and Eerar, and W. by the posses- 

 sions of Scindia. In its form Bundelcund is an irregular parallelogram : 

 its greatest length is in the direction from south-east to north-west ; 

 its area is nearly 24,000 square miles : the population is about 2,400,000. 

 There are three ranges of mountains in Bundelcund, which extend in 

 continuous lines parallel to each other. One of these ranges, which 

 forms part of the Vindhyau chain, is less sterile and rugged than the 

 part of the same chain which passes through Bahar. On the summit 

 of this range a considerable extent of table-land occurs, which is 

 1200 feet above the level of the Oangetic plain. The second moun- 

 tain range, called the Panna Ghauts, runs parallel to the Vindhyan 

 chain at the distance of about 10 miles. The third range, called the 

 Bandair, occurs at about an equal distance beyond the second to the 

 north-west, and comprises the most elevated part of the province. 

 The soil of Bundelcund presents a very great variety. The valleys 

 and lowlands consist principally of rich black loam : the hilly country 

 and elevated table-land are in great part composed of poor and sterile 

 soil. The fertile tracts, when assisted by irrigation, produce abundant 

 harvests of every kind of grain and plant that is cultivated in Hin- 

 dustan : the principal produce of the poorer lands is millet. Iron is 

 found among the hills, where also catechu, or terra Japonica, is produced 

 in abundance. The principal rivers of Bundelcund are the Betwah, 

 the Desan, and the Ken or Cane. Neither of them is navigable. There 

 are in different parts of the country some very large reservoirs for 

 purposes of irrigation. 



The principal towns are Banda, the capital ; Bejour, Jeitpore, 

 Jhansi, Chatterpore, Callinger, and Tehrce. Banda is situated in 

 25 30' N. lat, 80" 20' E. long., about 90 miles W. from Alla- 

 habad. This town has much increased of late years. The cotton 

 brought for sale to its market is of superior quality. Bejour is in 

 24 38' N. lat, 79 27' E. long. Jrilpore in in 25 17' N. lat, 

 79 32' E. long. Jhanti, the capital of a petty Boondela state under 

 British protection, is situated in 25 32' N. lat, 78 34' E. long. 

 This town is the centre of an active trade carried on between the 

 Deccan and the towns of the Doab : it contains a considerable carpet 

 manufactory ; and large quantities of the warlike weapons used by 

 the Boondela tribe?, such as bows, arrows, and spears, are made here. 

 Chattel-pore, in 21 50' N. lat, 79 35' E. long., is about 135 miles 

 W.S.W. from the city of Allahabad : it has much decayed of late 

 years. The manufacture of coarse cotton cloths, used for wrappers, 

 M carried on. Callinger, a fortified town in 25 6' N. lat, 80 25' E. 

 long., stands on a lofty mountain, the base of which is 10 miles in 

 circuit. The walls include the whole summit of the hill, and are 

 composed of rough uncut stones. Tehree, or Teary, on the north-west 

 frontier of Bundelcund, in 24 45' N. lat, 78 52' E. long., is the 

 residence of a Boondela chief or raja, who possesses several villages, 

 and has a considerable revenue. 



The British connection with the chiefs of Bundelcund originated in 

 an arrangement concluded with the late Peishwa on 31st December 

 1802. The Bundelcund states are thirty-three in number : of these 

 states five are protected and tributary, including an area of 4476 square 

 miles, with a population of 399,500 : their aggregate annual revenue 

 is about 183,4642.; the amount of tribute about 10,3882. ; the military 

 force maintained by them amounts to about 9500 men. The other 

 states, numbering twenty-eight, have in the aggregate an area of 

 6450 square miles, a population of 680,300, and a revenue of 316,6582. 

 Their military resources include 261 artillery, 2380 cavalry, and 20,975 

 infantry. The Nawaub of Banda, a descendant of the former governors 

 of Bundelcund, has no hereditary dominions, but receives an allow- 

 ance of four lacs of rupees (40,0002.) per annum from the British 

 government, and maintains a force of 69 artillery, 167 cavalry, and 

 207 infantry. 



r.TNDER ABBAS. [GOMBKOON.] 

 BUXOAY, Suffolk, a market-town in the parishes of Holy Trinity 

 and St. Mary's, Bungay and hundred of Wangford, is situated on the 

 Waveney, which sweeps round the town in the form of a horse-shoe, 

 and here separates Suffolk from Norfolk, in 52 27' N. lat, 1 23' 

 E. long. ; 40 miles N.N.E. from Ipswich ; and 109 miles N.E. from 

 London by road ; Diss station of the Eastern Union railway, which 

 u 161 miles from Bungay, is 111 miles from London. The population 

 of the town in 1851 was 3841. The living of Holy Trinity is a 

 vicarage ; that of St. Mary's is a perpetual curacy ; they are in the 

 archdeaconry of Suffolk and diocese of Norwich. The two parishes 

 of Bungay are united for poor-law purposes, but are not under the 

 operation of the Poor-Law Amendment Act. 



The town of Bungay was in ancient times dependent on Bungay 

 ( !antle, which in supposed to have been erected by the Bigods, the 

 Norman earls of Norfolk. Some ruins of the castle-walls remain. 

 Of the chancel of the old church of St. Mary some vestiges are still 

 standing; and adjoining thereto are the remains of a Benedictine 

 nunnery. Two crosses formerly stood in the market-place. Of these 

 one was taken down in 1810; the remaining one is crowned with a 

 figure of Justice. The church of the Holy Trinity is an ancienl 

 edifice with a round tower, supposed by fome to be of the time oi 

 UEOU. DIV. VOL. II. 



Edward the Confessor. St. Mary's church, though said to have been 

 built about 1696, has a north aisle, with a beautiful exterior and a 

 fine west window, "which probably dates from the early part of the 

 15th century. The Roman Catholics, Wesleyan Methodists, Indepen- 

 dents, and Baptists have places of worship. The Endowed Grammar 

 school, founded in 1591 had an income in 1837 of 572. a year. The ap- 

 pointment of the master is in the gift of Emmanuel College, Cambridge. 

 There are National and British schools ; a savings bank ; almshouses 

 for 15 persons : and several charities. Five of the almahouses were 

 erected and endowed in 1848 by a Mrs. Dwyer, "for the widows of 

 unfortunate tradesmen ; " the same lady also bequeathed 5001. to each 

 of the two parishes, the interest to be expended annually iu warm 

 clothing at the discretion of the minister and parochial authorities. 

 A dispensary and a lying-in charity are supported by voluntary con- 

 tributions ; also two clothing societies. The streets of Buugay are 

 well-paved, and the town is lighted with gas. In consequence of an 

 extensive conflagration by which Buugay was nearly destroyed in 

 1688, the houses are generally of modern date. A building formerly 

 a theatre is now used as a cprn-exchauge on week days and a Baptist 

 chapel on Sundays. A considerable trade is carried on in coals, malt, 

 jrain, and provisions, the river Waveney being navigable up to Bungay 

 for small barges. The market is held on Thursday ; there are 

 annual fairs on May 14th and September 25th. Near the town is a 

 large silk-mill ; there are also paper- and flour-mills and malt-houses. 

 BUNKER'S HILL. [BOSTON.] 



BUNTINGFORD, Hertfordshire, a small town, and the seat of a 

 Poor-Law Union, chiefly in the parish of Layston and in the hun- 

 dred of Edwinstree, is situated in 51 57' N. lat, 1' W. long. ; 

 distant 12 miles N. by E. from Hertford, and 31 miles N. from London 

 by road. Ware station of the Eastern Counties railway, which is 1 

 miles from Buntingford, is distant 24 J miles from London. The 

 population of the parish of Layston in 1851 was 1220. The living is 

 a vicarage held with the perpetual curacy of Buntingford, in tho 

 archdeaconry of St. Albans and diocese of Rochester. Buntingford 

 Poor-Law Union contains 16 parishes and townships, with an area of 

 29,040 acres, and a population in 1851 of 6590. Buntingford obtained 

 the grant of a weekly market in the reign of Edward III. The market 

 was held on Monday, but has long been discontinued. The chapel at 

 Buntingford is a brick edifice erected in the early part of the 17th 

 century. The Independents have a place of worship. The Grammar 

 school founded in 1633 has an income from endowment of about 502. 

 a year, and had 18 scholars in 1851. It has four exhibitions at Christ's 

 College, Cambridge, of 12/. each, tenable for seven years. There are 

 National and British schools, a School of Industry for girls, and a 

 savings bank. An hospital provides for four poor men and four poor 

 widows. 



BUNZLAU, JUNG, the capital of the circle of Bunzlau in Bo- 

 hemia, is situated 30 miles N.E. from Prague, on a hill, the base 

 of which is skirted by the Iser; and contains about 5100 inhabitants. 

 It is well built, and has a handsome town-hall, a castle now used for 

 barracks, six churches, some of them handsome structures, two mo- 

 nasteries, a Piarist gymnasium, a high school, an hospital, and besides 

 an extensive cotton factory, manufactories of woollens, leather, soap, 

 &c. It is said to have been founded by King Boleslaf in 975 ; at least 

 its Bohemian name of ' Mlada Boleslaf ' is derived from that monarcli. 

 50 23' N. lat., 14 55' E. long. 



BUNZLAU, a town in the government of Liegnitz, in Prussian 

 Silesia, lies on the Bober, 25 miles by railway W. by N. from 

 Liegnitz, and is surrounded by a double line of walls and a deep 

 ditch ; it possesses three churches (one Lutheran and two Roman 

 Catholic), an orphan asylum and school, an hospital, a seminary for 

 teachers ; and manufactures of woollens,linens, stockings, earthenware, 

 &c., and has well-frequented markets for horses, cattle, and grain. 

 Population 7000. Much earthenware is exported. Topazes, agates, 

 chalcedonies, and other valuable < stones are found in the neighbour- 

 hood. A cast iron obelisk in memory of the Russian general Kutusoff, 

 who died here in 1813, is erected in the market-place. 

 BURA. [ACH^A.] 

 BURBURRA. [BERBERRA.] 



BURDWA'N, one of the 17 districts into which the province of 

 Bengal is politically divided, is situated to tho west of the river 

 Hoogly, between 22 and 24" N. lat, 87 and 89 E. long. Burd- 

 wan is bounded N. by Birbhum and Rajshahy, W. by Midnapore 

 and Ramghur, S. by Midnapore and Hoogly, and E. by Hoogly and 

 Nuddeah. Its area, which is computed at 2400 square miles, is 

 covered with a dense population, supposed to be about 1,500,000, of 

 whom five-sixths are Hindoos. The district of Burdwan, which forms 

 part of the valley of the Ganges, is a level tract. The principal river 

 flowing through it is the Dummudah, which is navigable only for a 

 short time during the rainy season. The greater part of the soil is 

 very fertile, and produces abundant crops of sugar, indigo, betel, 

 tobacco, and cotton, besides the cereal grains usually cultivated in 

 Bengal. A considerable quantity of silk is likewise produced. Com- 

 pared with the surrounding districts, Burdwan has the appearance of 

 a garden. The native zemindars are generally wealthy ; the more 

 considerable of them usually reside in Calcutta, leaving their pro- 

 perties to the management of resident agents. The Raja of Burdwan 

 is the most considerable zemindar under the Bengal presidency, his 



