m 



NORTON*. 



CHom.i:v. 



machinery into thi* branch of manufacture has quite changed the 

 character of the trade throughout the Weat of England. The quality 

 of the fabric however (till maintain* its reputation. A email silk 

 manufactory, a tan-yard, a corn-mill, two iron-foundrie*, and several 

 brick-field* and malt-bouse* give considerable employment The 

 weekly market at Chippenham U held on Friday. There i* a monthly 

 market for cattle and enemy There are four hiring market* for 

 servant* ; several wool fain ; and an annual cattle *how in December. 

 The cb*ee market* and cattle how* are among the moot extooaiTe 

 in the weit of England. Pour annual fain are held May 17th, 

 June 22nd, October 29th, and December llth for the sale of cuttle. 

 heap, and hone*. Chippenham poneiiet a *aving bank. A county 

 court and petty sessions are held m the town. 



Some mineral springs hare b.-cn found in the vicinity of chip 

 pen ham The ancient abb-ya of Stanley and Liaoock are within 

 three mile* of Chippenham ; the former ha* been converted into a 

 farui-houar, but the latter has been preserved, and U now the family 

 eat of tlie TalboU. The nncient forest of Chippenham and Pewshiun 

 ha* been long disafforested. 



(Hoare, WUiikirt ; Britton, WMMrr ; Corretpoadenl at Chip 

 fHiem) 



CHIPPING NORTON, Oxfordshire, a municipal borough, market- 

 town, and the seat of a Poor-Law Union, in the parish of Chipping 

 Norton and hundred of Chadlingtnn, is shunted near the head of the 

 river Kreulode. in 51 56' N. lot., 1 S3' W. long., distant 194 miles 

 X.W. from Oxford, 73 miles N.W. by W. from London. The popu- 

 lation of the borough in 1851 won 2932. The borough is governed 

 by 4 aldermen and 12 councillors, one of whom is mayor. The living 

 is a vicarage with the curacy of Over Norton attached, in the arch- 

 deaconry and diocese of Oxford. Chipping Norton Poor-Law Union 

 contains 33 parishes and townships, with an area of 75,071 acres, 

 and a population in 1851 of 17,338. 



Chipping Norton is a town of considerable antiquity, but it 

 poatasses little historical interest It is situated on elevated ground. 

 The town is lighted by gas. The principal street, which is in the 

 higher part of the town, is the most modern, and contains the best 

 bouses. The parish church, a large and beautiful gothic edifice, 

 consist* of a nave, which ho* an old carved oak roof, side aisles, and 

 a chancel. At the west end is au embattled tower. There are places 

 of worship for Methodist*, Baptists, and Quakers. The Free Grammar 

 school, founded in 1547, has an income from endowment of about 

 17'. a year with a bouse, and ha<l 49 scholars in 1850, of whom 4 

 were free. There are National and British schools. A new town- 

 ball has been recently erected. The manufacture of woollen goods is 

 carried on. Druggets, hone-cloths, and a stout cloth for trowsen are 

 made. Wonted shawls are woven in large quantities. Chipping 

 Norton market is an important one for agricultural produce. The 

 market-day i* Wednesday. There are nine fairs or great markets for 

 cattle in the course of the year. A county court is held. To the 

 north of the church is the elevated site of the keep of the old castle. 



(Communication from Chipping Norton.) 



CHIPPING SODBURY, Gloucestershire, a market-town and the 

 eat of a Poor-Law Union, in the parish of Chipping Sodbury and 

 hundred of Grumlmld's Ash, is situated in 51 32' N. lot., 2 23' 

 W. long. ; distant 27 mile* S.&W. from Gloucester, and 108 miles W. 

 from London by road ; Yate station, on the Bristol and Gloucester 

 line, which is one mile and a half from Chipping Sodbury, is 128j 

 miles from London by the Great Western railway. The population 

 of the parish of Chipping Sodbury in 1851 was 1195. The town 

 is governed by a bailiff and 12 burgesses. The living is a perpetual 

 curacy in the archdeaconry of Bristol and diocese of Gloucester and 

 Bristol. Chipping Sodbury Poor-Law Union contains 23 parishes 

 and townships, with an area of 61,898 acre*, and a population in 1851 

 of 18,523. 



The manor of Chipping Sodbury was given by William the Con- 

 queror to one of his relatives. The borough had a charter in the time 

 of Charles I. The town, which is situated at the foot of a hill, 

 conninU of evenl street*; the principal street, which is on the high 

 road, i* wide and handsome. It was paved a few yean bock, the cost 

 being defrayed by the inhabitants. The front of the town-hall has 

 been recently rebuilt by the corporation. The church, on ancient 

 and oomnvxlious edifice, ho* a lofty tower. The Baptists, Quakers, 

 and Unman Catholics hove place* of wonhip. The town possesses 

 an Endowed Grammar school and a National school ; also some 

 valuable charities. The population is chiefly agricultural. Malting 

 is carried on. In the neighbourhood are lime-kilns, stone-quarries, 

 and coal-pit*. The market-day it Thursday. There is a large 

 monthly market for cheese, cattle, corn, Ac. Pain are hold on May 

 23rd and June 24th. On a range of hills about three mile* from 

 Chipping Sodbury are the remains of a Roman encampment Imme- 

 diately contiguous to the camp i* Little Sodbury Manor House, 

 li-tinguished a* the place in which Tyndale commenced his translation 

 of the New Testament 



(tbm mil nt><i/ >on from Chippfmg SotUnuy.) 



CHIRK. [DuNBioiuiii**.] 



< II, l:\SIDK. [BlRWIOUHIBK.] 



HIM. Kill ROT. [Krjrr.] 

 UUSW1CK. 



C'lUTTAOONO, a district In the south-east part of the province 

 of Beniral, bounded N. by Tiperah district, E. by the Birmau empire, 

 a by the province of Aracan, and W. by the Bay of Bengal This 

 district lies between 31* and 23 N. lat, and between 01 and 93 

 E. long. ; its length from north to south i* about 120 miles, and it* 

 graateat breadth 60 mile*, but the eastern boundary ha* not been 

 aocuntely defined, and the avenge breadth is supposed to be not 

 greater than 2.1 miles. The country i* watered by numerous stream*, 

 half of which flow towards the Bay of Bengal, and the rest into the 

 Irawaddi. The most considenble of these streams is the Knmiphuli, 

 or Chittagong River, which at its mouth forms a secure harbour, 

 but so embayed, that during the continuance of the south-west 

 monsoon it is generally difficult for vessels to put to sea. The 

 channel of this river at the capital, Islamabad, is about a mile broad ; 

 but a little higher up it* width doe* not exceed 200 yards, all. 

 the tide continues to flow strongly up the river. The source of i In 

 river is in Ava, whence it flows south-west to the district of i 

 gong, which it enters by the Mugh Mountains, where many waterfalls 

 occur. In the valley of the Kamaphuli are some rich tracts of land, 

 cultivated by Bengalese, which yield plantains, ginger, betel-leaf, 

 sugar-cane, cotton, indigo, and tobacco. Between the hills are several 

 well-watered plains and valleys, of small extent, which are culti 

 partly by Hindoos of Bengal, and partly by Hughs of Aracan, who 

 migrated into the district upon the conquest of their country by the 

 Birmese in 1783. The majority of the Hughs who thus settled in 

 Chittagong aro traders and mechanics, only a small proportion 

 having become cultivators. Exclusive of the ifujzh settler 

 inhabitants of Chittagong do not exceed a million. The Mohammedan 

 inhabitants exceed the Hindoos in number in tlu proportion of 

 three to two. 



CHOASPES, or KIKKHAH RIVER. [BAGHDAD, PASIUUC or.] 



CHOCZIM, or KHOTIN. [BESSARABIA.] 



CHOLLET. [MAIHK-KT LOIRE.] 



CHOLULA, a town in Mexico, in the state of Pueblo, stands in 

 19 2' 6" N. lat, 98 15' W. long. It is situated on the table-land of 

 Anahuac, at an elevation of 0912 feet above the level of the sea. 

 Cholula is a considerable place, being inhabited by 1 6,000 souls, but 

 its manufacturing industry is limited to the fabrication of coarse 

 cotton goods. In the country about it are numerous and extensive 

 plantations of maguay, from which plant the natives extract the 

 beverage called pulque. Close to the town stands the largest 

 Mexican teocnlli, or pyramids. [AMERICA, An/igni'irs, vol. i. col. 309.] 

 The platform on its top has an area of somewhat more than 60,000 

 square feet, and in the midst of it is built a church, dedicated t > 

 Nueatra Senora de los Remedios, in which mass is read every morning 

 by a priest of the Indian race. The prospect from this platform 

 over the adjacent plain, as far as the great mountain masses of 

 Popocatepetl and Pico de Orizaba is very grand and striking. At the 

 time of the invasion of Cortez, Cholula had 20,000 houses, and in the 

 suburbs were as many. Above 400 towers of temples rose above 

 the town. 



CHORGES. [ALPE3, HAUTES.] 



CHORLEY, Lancashire, a market-town and the seat of a Poor-Law 

 Union, in the parish of Charley and hundred of Leyland, is situated 

 in 53 89' N. lat, 2 87' W. long. ; distant 82 miles S. by E. from 

 Lancaster, 208 miles N.W. by N. from London by road, and 211 

 miles by the North- Western railway, and the Manchester and Preston 

 branch of the Lancashire and Yorkshire railway. The population of 

 the town of Charley in 1851 was 8907. The government of the town 

 is vested in a constable and visiting magistrates. The living is a 

 rectory in the archdeaconry and diocese of Manchester. Chorl, y 

 Poor-Law Union contains 26 parishes and townships, with on area 

 of 37,908 acres, and a population in 1851 of 37,701. 



Chorley is situated on a hill in the centre of the county, on the 

 great west road from London to the North, near the course of a small 

 stream called the Chor. Chorley was erected into on independent 

 parish in 1793. The parish church is an ancient structure, supposed 

 to be of Norman origin. The tower, which is embattled and has 

 piuuitcles, is a later erection. St George's church, an elegant modem 

 structure, built by the parliamentary commissioners, was opened in 

 1825. The Independents, Wesley an and Primitive Methodists, 

 Baptists, Unitarians, and Roman Catholics have places of worship. 

 The Grammar school, adjoining to the churchyard, has an income from 

 endowment of 102. 15. a year, and had 32 scbolan in 1851. There 

 are National and Infant school*, Independent, Methodist, and Roman 

 Catholic day schools ; a dispensary, and a savings bank. Six alms- 

 houses, built in 1 682, are for aged women and widows. 



Chorley is a thriving manufacturing town : its streets are tolerably 

 well laid out, lighted with gas, and supplied with water. The chief 

 article* of manufacture are calicoes, muslins, and ginghams. Cotton- 

 factories, print-work* weaving-sheds, bleaching-workn, a paper-mill, 

 coal-mines, stone-quarriej, and a patent brick and drainiug-tilc manu- 

 factory afford employment to many of the inhabitants. Four miles 

 from Chorley, lead and carbonate of barytes are found. The Leeds 

 and Liverpool Canal, and the Lancashire and Yorkshire railway afford 

 facilities for the carriage of goods. A county court, in 1,1,1 in < hurley. 

 The town-hall is a neat stone building, erected in 1802, at the cost 

 of the late John Hollinshed, Esq. The under part of the building 



