JT1 



DOONGURPORE. 



DORDOGNE. 



771 



slightly elevated site, close to the river side, I* the monument to 

 Robert Dmm. 



DOONGTRPO'RF., a small principality tributary to the British, is 

 touted in the district of Bagur and province of Gujerat, in a hilly 

 tract, of which very little is known. The greater part of the inha- 

 bitants of Doongurpor* are Btoefa, who are considered to be the 

 aborigines of the country. Some yean ago the raja, to preserve his 

 authority, which was threatened by the more powerful among his 

 subject*, took some band* of Simla* into hi* pay, but they soon 

 usurped all power, and were proving destructive to the country, when 

 toe raja sought and obtained the protection of the English, under 

 whose intervention the country has recovered from the desolate 

 condition to which it had been reduced. Its relation to the Company's 

 government is now that of a protected and tributary state. The area 

 of the territory is about 1000 square mile* ; the population fa about 

 100,000 ; the revenue about 10.90W. ; the tribute fa not to exceed 

 threensghths of the annual revenue. The town of Doonyurparr, the 

 capital, fa situated ia 29* 45' N. fat, 73' 4(f E. long. ; about 95 miles 

 K.E. from Ahmedabad. Sear this town fa situated a lake, of which 

 it is said that Ha mounds are constructed with solid blocks of marble. 



DOORNIK. fTornsAT.] 



DORCHESTER, the county town of Dorsetshire, a municipal and 

 parliamentary borough and market-town, and the seat of a Poor-Law 

 Union, is situated in (0 43' N. fat, 2* 25' W. long., distant 120 miles 

 S.W. by W. from Ixmdon by road, and 141 miles by the London and 

 South- Western railway. The population of the borough of Dorchester 

 in 1851 was 6394. The borough is governed by 4 aldermen and 12 

 councillors, one of whom fa mayor ; and returns two members to the 

 Imperial Parliament. The livings are rectories in the archdeaconry of 

 Dorset and diocese of Salisbury. Dorchester Poor-Law Union con- 

 tains M parishes and townships, with an area of 84,815 acres, and a 

 population in 1851 of 17,210. 



Dm cheater was called by the Romans Durnovaria and /)urinum. 

 By the Saxon* it was called ' Dornceaster,' whence we have the 

 modern Dame Dorchester. It has also been called ' Villa Regalia,' to 

 distinguish it from Dorchester in Oxfordshire, called ' Villa Episco- 

 palis.' Two mints were established here by King Athelstan. The 

 town was nearly destroyed by fire in 1613; about 300 houses, with 

 the churches of the Holy Trinity and All Saints, were totally 



Hairy severe battle* were fought in the vicinity of Dorchester 

 between the contending forces during the civil war. At the assizes 

 heW here on the 3rd of September, 1686, by Judge JeftVies and four 

 other judges, out of 30 persons tried on a charge of being implicated 

 in Monmouth's rebellion, 29 were found guilty and sentenced to death. 

 The (ollowing day 292 persons pleaded guilty, and 80 were ordered 

 for execution. John Tutchin, who wrote the ' Obeervstor' in Queen 

 Anne's time, was sentenced to be whipped in every town in the 

 county once a year ; but on his petitioning to be hanged as a miti- 

 gation of his punishment, he was reprieved and subsequently pardoned. 

 The manor of Dorchester has passed through the hands of numerous 

 families. The corporation claim a prescriptive right, but they have 

 charters of Edward III., Charles I., and other sovereigns. The asoizes 

 and courts of quarter-sessions for the county and for the borough 

 are held here. A county court is also held. The borough has returned 

 two members to Parliament since the 23rd year of the reign of King 

 Edward I. 



The town of Dorchester is pleasantly situated on a plight elevation 

 near the river Frome, and consists principally of three spacious streets, 

 which are paved and lighted. A delightful walk, well shaded, sur- 

 rounds two-thirds of the town. The shire-hall is a plain building of 

 Portland stone, and is commodiously fitted up. The guildhall, erected 

 in 1847, is a convenient and handsome building in the Elizabethan 

 style. The jail, built in 1799, contain* the county jail, the house of 

 correction, and the penitentiary. Adjoining tile town are cavalry 

 barracks. The terminus of the Southampton and Dorchester railway 

 is in the town. 



There is a considerable trade carried on in beer. Butter is also 

 sot hence to the metropolis. In the reigns of King Charles I. and 

 James I. cloth was manufactured in Dorchester. The murk. 

 Saturday. There are fairs on February 14th, Trinity Monday, St. 

 John the Baptist's, and St. James's days; the three last are princi 

 pally, for sheen and lambs, for which Dorchester is celebrated. 



The borourh of Pnrohiater includes four parMim AH Saint-, St. 

 Peter'., lh- IL.Iy Trinity, and Foniington. 8t Peter'., chun-h, a 

 spacious building In the perpendicular style, contains some curio 

 lUOsluiiMats ; H fa well built, and masts* ef a chancel, nave, aisl, 

 and ansaataOliitowsraO feet in height. All Saints, rebuilt in 1845, 

 is a MBSMsjsa sajrasjiore in the decorated style* Pordmgton church 

 is ancient, and has a south doorway of interesting character Tin-n- 

 an places of worship for Baptist*, Indcpendenta, Weehsyan Methodist-, 

 and rnitariaus. A Fre* Grammar school was founded and endowed 

 by Mr. Thomas Hardy in 1M9. It has an income from endowment 

 of 521. 10. a year, with two exhibitions at cither university, and two 

 scholar-hip* at Cambridge. The number of scholars in 1853 was 38. 

 A school of older data was rafcoaded in 1628 by the corporation ; the 

 endowment is small. The number of scholars in 1 863 was 80. There 

 are also National and British schools. The county hospital, an 



excellent institution, was founded in 1841. A county museum is 

 well sustained. Their* are several almshouaes and a savings bank. 



The town was strongly fortified and entirely surrounded by a wall 

 when in possession of the Romans, and the site where an ancient 

 castle stood is still called Castle Green. The castle was demolished, 

 and a priory for Franciscan monks was constructed out of the 

 materials in the reign of Edward III., near the site of the old castle. 

 The church of the priory was pulled down at the Reformation, and 

 JM boose was subsequently converted into a Presbyterian meeting- 



Tessefated pavements, Roman urns, and a quantity of coins of the 

 Roman emperors have been dug up in the vicinity of Dorchester, 

 llemainsof a Roman amphitheatre, of a Roman camp called Pound- 

 bury, and of a large British station called Maiden Castle, are in the 

 neighbourhood. 



(Hntchins, DonrtMrt ; OvmmumUaUon from DorcJitttrr.) 



DORCHESTER [OXFORDSHIRE.] 



DORDOGNE, a department in the south of France, named from 

 its principal river the Dordogne, extends from 44 35' to 45 43' 

 N. lat, 1 28' E. to 2' W. long., and is bounded N. by the depart- 

 ment of Hante-Vienne, E. by thorn of Lot and Correze, 8. by Lot-et- 

 Garonne, and W. by the departments of Gironde, Charente-Iufe>ieure, 

 and Charente. Ik length from north to south is about 77 miles, its 

 breadth from east to west about 69 miles. The area of the depart- 

 ment is 8536 square mile* ; in extent of surface it is surpassed by 

 only two departments Gironde and Landes. The population 

 according to the census of 1851 was 505,789, which gives 143 inhabit- 

 ant* to a square mile, being 3171 below the average per square mile 

 for the whole of France. The department is formed out of the old 

 province of Perigord, with a small portion of the Limousin and some 

 communes from Angoumois and Samtonge. 



The department belongs almost wholly to the basin of the Dordogne. 

 Two mountain torrents, the Dor and the Dogne, springing from the 

 gorge* of the Mont-d'Or, in Puy-de-Dome, unite near the village of 

 Bains their waters and names to form the Dordogne, which from this 

 point flows first north and then west for a few miles, till it reaches the 

 western border of the department of Puy-de-Dome, where it is 

 joined on the right bank by the Chavanon, which rises in the south 

 of the department of Creuse. Here turning nearly due south it 

 separates for many miles the department* of Puy-de-Ddme from 

 Correze, and this from Cantal, receiving on either bank numerous 

 Btreams from the Auvergne Mountains and the mountains of the 

 Limousin. [CANTAL; CORREZE.] Crossing in a general south-west 

 direction the south-eastern angle of Correze and the north of Ix>t, it 

 gains the eastern border of the department of Dordogne, a little 

 below Souillac, whence it runs almost due west across the department 

 to which it gives name, and to its junction with the Garonne near 

 Bourg, in the department of Gironde. The point of land between 

 the two rivers at their junction is called Bec-d'Ambes. The whole 

 length of this river is 250 miles, 182 miles of which are navigable; 

 vessels of 300 tons go up as for as Libourne. The ps-riodical high 

 tide or bore in the Gironde ascends 20 miles above the mouth 

 Dordogne. [Rone ; GIRONDE. ] Its principal feeders in the lower 

 part of it* course are the Vabre [CORRRZE] ; the file, which flows 

 south from Haute-Vienne as far as Pe'rigueux, whence it turns nearly 

 due west to Coutras ; here it is joined on the right bank by the 

 Dronne, which rises also in Hante-Vienne, and drains the north-west 

 of the department of Dordogne ; a little below Coutras the Isle 

 runs south, and enters the Dordogne at Libourne in the depart- 

 ment of (iironde, after a course of 124 miles, being navigable 

 from Pe'rigueux. The northern angle of the department belongs 

 to the basin of the Charcnte, and is drained by the Bandiat 

 [I'H.MIFXTK.] A narrow strip on the southern border is drained 

 by the Dropt, a feeder of the Garonne. Beside* these there are 

 a vast number of smaller streams, several lakes, and excellent 

 springs. In all the waters of the department, pike, trout, and eels 

 I. Some of the springs form jets, and others have a periodical 

 ebb and How. 



The surface is hilly ; the last western slopes of the Limousin ami 

 Auvergne Mountains cover the greater part of it The ranges north 

 of the Dordogne springing from the Limouxin run generally towards 

 the south-went ; those south of that river spring from the mountain 

 masses of Cantal, and run nearly due west along the southern 

 boundary of th- department. The hills are generally overgrown 

 with woods, broom, or heath ; but in many places they are bare, 

 and very stoep. The valleys of the department are long, 

 narrow, and winding; some of them of great beauty and fertility, tho 

 slope* of the hills that close them in being generally covered with 

 vineyards ; this is especially the case with the valleys of the Isle and 

 the Dordogne. The general character of the soil of the uplands is 

 barrenness. The northern portion, which forms the arrondissement 

 of Nontron, consist* almost entirely of high forest-land and irre- 

 elaimable moors, the only cover of which in broom and under 

 the chief ex< in is some good grass-land between the Randiat 



and the Tardoire. In the more central part, which constitutes the 

 arrondissement of Pc'rigiieux, though the bills are not so high, the 

 soil in similar, forests and moors covering two-thirds of the surface. 

 Rye and buckwheat are almost the only cereals grown in these 



