809 



DROME. 



DUBLIN. 



inhabitants, who manufacture silk crape and twist, chemical products, 

 pottery, beer, and leather. A little east of this town, in a narrow 

 savage gorge of the Galaure, are the rums of a fine old castle, near 

 which the road runs in a deep cutting through rocks. Tain, a pretty 

 little town 10 miles N. from Valence, on the left bank of the Rhone, 

 stands opposite Tournon, with which it is connected by a fine suspen- 

 sion-bridge, and has 2459 inhabitants, who are engaged in the culture 

 of the vine, cotton-spinning, and quarrying granite. This little town 

 stands at the southern foot of the steep hill called Hermitage, on the 

 craggy terraced slopes of which are the vineyards that produce the 

 famous Hermitage wines. 



2. In the second arrondissement the chief town, Montelimart, beau- 

 tifully situated among vineyards, meadows, and mulberry plantations, 

 is an ancient place surrounded by ramparts which are flanked with 

 watch-towers, and entered by four gates facing the cardinal points. 

 It stands near the left bank of the Rhone, at the confluence of the 

 Roubion and the Jabron, which unite their waters at the southern 

 gate, where they are spanned by a fine stone-bridge. The town is 

 well built; the Grande Rue, which is paved with basalt, and through 

 which the road from Lyon to Avignon runs, is the most commercial 

 part. The left bank of the Rhone, a little above the town, is formed 

 by basaltic cliffs. [ARDCHE.] Around the ramparts, both within 

 and without, there is a fine drive lined with double rows of trees. 

 'J'li. iost imposing structure is the old castle or citadel, which over- 

 looks the whole town. Montelimart has 8245 inhabitants, a tribunal 

 of fir-' instance, and a college; it is a busy manufacturing town, and 

 has several silk and cotton factories, tanneries, tile-works, and lime- 

 kilns ; serge and hosiery also are made. It is famous for the manu- 

 facture of morocco leather and the almond cakes called ' nougat.' 

 Besides the articles already named, corn, flour, raw silk, walnut and 

 olive oil, cattle, and provisions enter into the commerce of the town. 

 From the two rivers abundant water-power is derived to drive the 

 machinery of the several factories ; and from the same sources the 

 system of canals for irrigating the grounds in the neighbourhood is 

 filled. Dieu-U-Fit, situated among mountains, 15 miles E. from Monteli- 

 inart, is the seat of a busy manufacturing population of 4163. The 

 most remarkable building ia the new Calvinist church. The manu- 

 factures are woollen cloths, serge, swanskin, flannel, glass, pottery, 

 &c. ; there are also dye-houses, and establishments for spinning silk, 

 cotton, and worsted. In the neighbourhood there are mineral springs 

 and a large cavern which bears the name of Tom-Jones. Grignan, a 

 small place of 2000 inhabitants', stands on a hill above the Lez, and 

 was formerly famous for a magnificent chateau, celebrated in the 

 letters of Madame de Sevigne', who died in it (April 18, 1696), and 

 was buried in the parish church of Grignan. This chateau is now in 

 ruino, having been burnt during the first revolution. Pierrelatte, an 

 ill-built town, 1 3 miles S. from Montelimart, stands at the foot of a 

 rock crowned with the ruins of an old castle, which capitulated in 

 15C2 to the ferocious Adrets, who hurled the garrison over the battle- 

 ments and massacred all the inhabitants of the town. The environs 

 yield much corn, wine, and silk ; there are silk-mills and tan-yards in 

 the town, which has 3430 inhabitants. 



3. In the third arrondissement, the chief town Die (the Dea A uyutta 

 and Dea Vocontiorum of the Romans), stands in the middle of a 

 fertile valley, on the right bank of the Drome, and has 3920 inhabit- 

 ants. The town, which is defended by walls flanked with numerous 

 towers, was formerly the seat of a bishop ; the old palace and former 

 cathedral are the principal buildings. It has a tribunal of first 

 instance, a Calvinist church, manufactures of woollen cloth, silk, and 

 cotton yarn, besides several dye-houses, fulling-mills, and magnanieres. 

 The neighbourhood produces excellent fruits, and the delicious white 

 wine called ' Clairette de Die.' Cret, 20 miles W. from Die, on the right 

 bank of the Drome, stands at the foot of a rock which has the form 

 of a cock's crest, whence the name of the town. It was formerly 

 defended by a castle, which commanded the passage of the river and 

 rendered this one of the strongest towns in Dauphino ; only one tower 

 of the castle now remains, which is used as a house of correction. In 

 the church there are some fine old bas-reliefs, and an inscription 

 which recounts the chartered privileges of the town, with the date 

 1188. The town has 4948 inhabitants, who manufacture woollen and 

 cotton cloths, serge, blankets, silk handkerchiefs, cotton yarn, paper, 

 leather, tiles, and lime ; it has also sugar refineries, fulling-mills, and 

 dye-houses, and trades largely in truffles. Saillam, also on the right 

 bonk of the Drome, is a busy manufacturing little town of 2000 

 inhabitants. 



4. In the fourth arrondissement, the chief town, Nyons, or Nions, 

 stands on the Eygues, at the opening of a valley which is cultivated 

 like a garden by means of irrigating rills. The town is defended by 

 walls and towers, and entered by four gates ; the interior is ill-built. 

 The most remarkable object is the stone bridge over the Eygues. 

 Soap, woollen stuns, earthenware, spun silk, and leather are the chief 

 industrial products of the inhabitants, who number 3251. Le-Suis, 

 an ill-built place in the valley of the Ouveze, takes its name from 

 the boxwood (buis) which abounds in its neighbourhood. Silk- 

 throwi.ig and the manufacture of oil and leather are the chief 

 occupations of ita 2456 inhabitants. 



The department forms the see of the Bishop of Valence, is included 

 in the jurisdiction of the High Court of Grenoble, am! belongs to the 



8th Military Division, of which Lyon is head-quarters. Education 

 is more extensively diffused than in most of the French departments. 

 There ia a university acadmy and au ecclesiastical college in Valence, 

 a diocesan seminary in Romans, communal colleges in Montdlimart 

 and Valence, and a Protestant training school in Dieu-le-Fit. The 

 Calvinists have Consistorial churches in Crest, Dieu-le-Fit, Die, and 

 Bourg-les- Valence. 



(Dictionnaire de la France ; Annuaire pour P An 1853; Statistique 

 de la France-.) 



DROMORE, county of Down, a market-town in the parish of 

 Dromore, is distant 17 miles E.S.E. from Downpatrick : and 84 miles 

 N. by E. from Dublin on the great northern road to Belfast. The 

 population in 1851 was 1872. The town is situated on the river 

 Lagan, and contains besides the cathedral or parish church, which is 

 a mean structure on the bauk of the river, one Roman Catholic and 

 two Presbyterian chapels. Large quantities of linen cloth are manu- 

 factured here ; and many of the inhabitants are engaged iu weaving. 

 Near the town is a mineral spring of celebrity. East of Dromore 

 stands a remarkable mound, 60 feet high, with three concentric 

 entrenchments, and an extensive outwork towards the Lagan. Fairs 

 are held in February, May, July, and October. 



The see of Dromore is in the ecclesiastical province of Armagh. 

 The chapter consists of a dean, precentor, chancellor, treasurer, arch- 

 deacon, and one prebendary. This diocese occupies the western 

 portion of the county of Down, and extends partially into Armagh 

 and Antrim. It contains 28 benefices. The foundation of the see is 

 attributed to St. Column in the Cth century. By Act 3rd and 4th 

 Wm. IV. c. 37, this bishopric has become incorporated with the 

 united diocese of DOWN and CONNOR. 



(Fraser, Ireland ; Ware, Bislwps ; Thorn, Irish Almanac ; Parlia- 

 mentary Papers.) 



DRONERO [CONL] 



DRONFIELD. [DERBYSHIRE.] 



DRONTHEIM. [TRONDHJEM.] 



DROXFORD, a division of Hampshire which has been constituted 

 a Poor-Law Union. Droxford Poor-Law Union, which is nearly 

 coextensive with the division, contains 11 parishes, with an area of 

 47,476 acres, and a population in 1851 of 10,676. The population of 

 the parish of Droxford, in which the Union Workhouse is situated 

 was 2005 in 1851. Droxford village is situated hi 50 58' N. lat., 

 1 8' W. long.; distant 12 miles S.E. from Winchester, and 62 miles 

 S.W. from London. The living is a rectory in the archdeaconry and 

 diocese of Winchester. 



DRUMSNA. [LEITRIM.] 



DRUSES. [SYRIA.] 



DRYPOOL. [YORKSHIRE.] 



DUBLIN, a maritime county iu the province of Leinster in Ireland, 

 lies between 53 11' and 53 37' N. lat., 6 3' and 6 32' W. long. ; 

 and is bounded N.W. and N. by the county of Meath, E. by the Irish 

 Channel, S. by the county of Wicklow, and S.W. by the county of 

 Kildare. Its greatest length from north to south, between Gormans- 

 town and Bray, is 32 miles ; and its greatest breadth, between Howth 

 Head and Leixlip, is 18 miles. The area, not including the city of 

 Dublin, comprises 222,709 acres, of which 196,063 are arable, 19,312 

 uncultivated, 5519 under plantations, 170 covered with rivers, canals, 

 &c., and 1820 in towns. Exclusive of the city of Dublin the population 

 in 1851 was 146,631. 



Surface and Coast-line. The county of Dublin, excepting a snail 

 tract on the south, ia fertile and well cultivated. The only portions 

 of the county not under cultivation are the promontory of Howth, 

 and the range of mountains which separates Dublin from Wicklow on 

 the south. The Dublin mountains, of which the central group has an 

 average height of 1000 or 1200 feet, are partially separated from the 

 loftier elevations of the county of Wicklow by the valley of Glen- 

 cullen on the east, and by that of Ballynascorney or GlenisuMule on 

 the west; a neck of elevated land, intervening between these valleys, 

 connects the range with the Kippure group on the south, the highest 

 point of which rises to the height of 2473 feet above the sea-level. 

 The whole range forms a fine mountain back-ground to the rich 

 scenery of the plain of Dublin. 



The northern part of Dublin county is more undulating than the 

 immediate vicinity of the capital. A low range of cultivated eminences, 

 called the Man-of-War Hills, extends across the line of communication 

 with Meath and Louth, and the ground on the north-western border 

 next Meath and Kildare is pretty much broken by picturesque valleys. 

 The only marked eminences however north of the mountainous tract, 

 are the islands of Lambay and Ireland's Eye, and the hill of Howth. 

 The iathmus which connects Howth with the mainland is a low narrow 

 neck, which gives Howth very much the appearance of an island. The 

 highest point of the promontory of Howth is 567 feet above the 

 level of the sea. Th cliifs towards the bay and channel are lofty, 

 and the whole promontory contributes much to the picturesque effect 

 of Dublin Bay. 



The coa^t which, reckoning all its windings, has a length of 70 miles, 

 is indented by the Bay of Dublin and by several creeks forming tide 

 harbours ; the principal of which are those of Killiney, Malahide, 

 Rogerstowu, and Lough Shinny. Artificial harbours have been formed 

 at Balbrigg.in, Howth, and Kingstown. 



