DUBLIN. 



DUBLIN. 



810 



railway, U interesting for iU Horn! hospital, county court, anil jail 

 The hospital ii a quadrangular building two stories high, inclosing an 

 area 310 feet square, neatly intersected with walk*; the north entrance 

 i* lunnouuted by a square tower, clock turret, and octagonal spire. 

 The hospital i* the official residence of the Commander of the Force* 

 in Ireland. Like Chelsea hospital in London, which it resemble* also 

 in its architectural fentur.ii, Kilmaiuham hospital form* a home for 

 maimed officer* and soldier*. It was built in 1680, after a design by 

 Xr i'. Wren. The county court-house is a huge and handsome 

 building, connected with which i* the county jail. Elections of 

 members for the county are held here, and also quarter sessions. In 

 the village i* a chapel for Independent*. There are norne woollen 

 cloth mills at Kilmainham. Not far from the hospital i* the terminus 

 of the Oreat Southern and Western railway, the platform of which is 

 613 feet long, corered in by a roof supported on 72 cast-iron columns. 

 Lucan, population 578, n village on the Great Southern and Western 

 railway, i* situated 7 miles W. from Dublin, on the high road to 

 Oalway, and consist* of a wide street of small but neat houses. It 

 oocupie* a pretty site, in a fertile valley on the left bank of the 

 Liffey, which is here spanned by a bridge of one arch with a granite 

 parapet. The village contains a parish church, which is surmounted 

 by a tower and spire, a huge Roman Catholic chapel, n Methodist 

 meeting-house, the spa-house, and National schools. Lucan is noted 

 for it* chalybeate spring. The scenery round the village is varied 

 and beautiful. In Weston Park the Liffey falls over a series of rocky 

 ledges and forms a cascade called the ' Salmon Leap,' over which the 

 fish dart at a single bound. Ltulc, population 710, situated near the 

 Bush station on the Drogheda railway, 17 miles N. by E. from Dublin, 

 ha* a handsome church with a massive square toner, erected on the 

 site of Lusk abbey, a large Konian Catholic chapel, and two National 

 schools. Lusk church contains several ancient ecclesiastical remains. 

 Malahide, population 596, a small village on the Malahide inlet, 9 

 mile* N. from Dublin on the Drogheda railway, consists chiefly of 

 neat cottage*, let in the summer to ea bathers, and has a parish 

 church, a Roman Catholic chapel, and police and coast-guard stations. 

 Across the inlet, which is dry at low water, the Drogheda railway is 

 carried by a wooden viaduct and embankment*. Grain, meal, and 

 flour are exported, and huge quantities of coal are imported. Off 

 the coast Uicre are extensive oyster beds. The castle, or ' Court of 

 Malahide,' a large square building flanked by lofty circular towers, 

 stand* on a high limestone rock, commanding a fine view of the bay. 

 It has been the residence of the Talbota, lords of Malahide, since 

 1174, with a shirt interval during the Commonwealth; and contains 

 several splendid apartments roofed and decorated with richly carved 

 ancient Irish oak. Ranrlagh, population 3209, a suburb of Dublin, 

 situated on the road to Duudrum, 2 miles S.E. from the General 

 Post-Office, consist* of a main street, a square, and several avenues 

 and terraces. The Carmelite convent, attached to which is a hand- 

 some chapel, and the Methodist meeting-house, are the principal 

 buildings. There are many pretty villas and ranges of houses in the 

 neighbourhood of Ranelagh. Ruthmtnti, population 3218, a suburb, 

 about 2 miles S. from the General Post-Office, separated from Dublin 

 city by the Grand Canal, which is here crossed by Latonche's bridge, 

 present* a street of well-built house* a mile and a half in length, 

 intersected by avenue* and terraces. The church of the Holy 

 Trinity and the Konian Catholic chapel are handsome structures. 

 There are Free and National schools. On the right of the rood to 

 Dublin are the Portobello artillery and cavalry barrack*. Considerable 

 improvement has taken place in the neighbourhood within the last 

 few year*. Ruth, population 1496, a fishing village, situated on the 

 coast 17 miles N. by E. from Dublin, has a commodious harbour for 

 mall craft. The harbour has been recently repaired, and will 

 accommodate vessels of about 50 ton* burden. The banks frequented 

 by the Kunh fishermen are about 20 miles from the shore, and 

 abound in ling, hake, and haddock. The Roman Catholic chapel and 

 the martello tower on the beach sre the principal buildings. Kenure 

 Park, near the town, is a ipaciou* and handsome mansion, once the 

 residence of the great Duke of Ormoud. Skerritt, population 2327, 

 a small town situated on the coast and on the line of the Drogheda 

 railw*y, 18 mile* N. by E. from Dublin. The inhabitant* are chiefly 

 engaged in the fishery off the coast. The chief buildings are the 

 paruh church, which ha* a square tower surmounted with pinnacles, 

 and a large Roman Catholic chapel There are here mailing-kilns, 

 corn mill*, and a yeast brewery. A coasting trade is carried on in 

 potato**, limestone, and ooaL A great number of female* in the town 

 and neighbourhood are employed in miuliu embroidery. The harbour 

 i* formed by a pier, and afford* good holding ground and shelter for 

 vessels of about 00 tons. The town i* frequented in lummer for 

 bathing. Off the port arc the four Skerry Islands. There i* a 

 martello town- on Hheniclu Island, the largmt of the four, which 

 baa an area of 16 acre* ; and another on Red Island, which is nearest 

 the shore. Soordt, population 1294,1* a market town situated on 

 the road to Drogheda, 8 mile* N. from Dublin, and on a small river 

 that enters Malahide Bay. From 1578 to the Union, Swords was a 

 j-nrliauieiitary borough and returned two members to the Irish Parlia- 

 ment. At the Union 16.00W. were granted a* an indemnification for 

 the loss of it* privileges; with the money was founded a school, which 

 still exist*, and i* attended by above 300 children. The town conaists 



of a wide street about a mile in length. The pariah church, a hand- 

 some modern structure, and a Roman Catholic chapel, ! 

 surmounted with a small tower and spire, are the chief buildings. 

 Quarter sessions are held here twioe a year, and petty session* every 

 fortnight. There is a National school in Sword*. The parish of 

 Swords i* studded with numerous country seats and villa residences. 

 There are here a round tower and some remains of ancient ecclesiastical 

 buildings. 



Before the Union, Swords and Newcastle returned two members 

 each to the Irish Parliament. The county of Dublin, tho city of 

 Dublin, and the university of Dublin are each at present represented 

 by two members in the Imperial Parliament 



The commerce of the county of Dublin, exclusive of the capital and 

 its immediate vicinity, is limited to the coasting trade carried on at 

 Balbriggan, Bray, and the other towns along the coast The cotton 

 and stocking manufactures carried on at Balbriggan have been already 

 mentioned. Many females are employed in embroidering muslin for 

 Belfast and Scotch houses. There are extensive corn-mills on the 

 Liffey, the Balbriggan river, and the Kimmage brook, on the south- 

 west of Harold's Cross. The fishing-grounds lie in from 15 to 00 

 fathoms' water between the Dublin coast and the Isle of Man. The 

 fish consist chiefly of turbot, brit, sole, and plaice, which are sent to 

 market daily throughout the year. There is a well-known 1 

 ground between Rush and Lambay Island on which cod, ling, haddock, 

 whiting, Ac., are token. The fishery districts of Dublin and Swords 

 comprise together 85 miles of sea-coast. 



The Pagan antiquities of the county of Dublin are not numerous. 

 There is a cromlech on the hill of Carrickmoor in Howtb, Another 

 cromlech stands to the south of Killiney, on the descent into the vale 

 of Shanganagh ; and at Brennanstown, on the Bray road, tij miles 

 from Dublin, there is a third of large dimensions. Dublin is however 

 rich in ecclesiastical and military antiquities. The round tower of 

 Clondalkin, 44 miles from Dublin, on the southern road by Rathcoole, 

 is in better preservation than most similar edifices in Ireland. The 

 antiquities at Swords, on the great northern road, 7 miles from Dublin, 

 consist of a palace of the archbishops of Dublin in ruins, a square 

 steeple of the old church, and a round tower 73 feet in height This 

 tower is also in good preservation, and retains its conical stone capping. 

 Between Swords and Baldoyle, 5 miles from the capital, is the hamlet 

 of St. Doulagh's, containing one of the most singular stone-roofed 

 churches in Ireland. The entire edifice measures but 48 feet by 18 

 feet It is divided into a rude nave and choir, which communicate 

 by a narrow square-headed doorway not sufficiently high to admit a 

 full-grown person upright The castles of C'lontarf, Baldangan, Naul, 

 and Castleknock are among the principal detached military edifices. 



The county assizes are bald at Kilmaiuham, and the quarter-session* 

 at Kilmainham, Balbriggan, and Swords. In December 1S51 thero 

 were in the county 148 National schools, attended by 12,758 male 

 and 14,514 female children. The constabulary force of the county 

 numbers 243 men including officers ; the head-quarters of the force 

 nre at Ballybough. There are 11 coast-guard stations in the county. 

 The county of Dublin, together with the cities of Dublin rmd Drogheda, 

 and the counties of Sleuth, Louth, and Wicklow, contribute in pro- 

 portion to their populations to the support of the Richmond Lunatic 

 Asylum, built in Dublin in 1815. Five fever hospitals and 47 dis- 

 pensaries are supported by voluntary contributions and grand-jury 

 presentments. In 1851 there were 3 savings banks in the county, 

 at Dublin, Balbriggan, and Castleknock. The total amount owing to 

 depositors on November 20th, 1851, was 219,046t 1. 4ci. 



DUBLIN, the metropolis of Ireland, a municipal and parliamentary 

 borough, sea-port town, and the head of two Poor-Law Unions, is 

 situated on the banks of the Liffey at it* entrance into the Bay of 

 Dublin, in 53 20' 38" N. lat., 6 17' 29" W. long., and 60 miles W. 

 from Holyhead. The population, which in 1841 was 232,726, amounted 

 to 258,361 in 1851. The borough is governed by 15 aldermen and 

 45 councillors, one of whom is annually elected lord mayor ; and 

 returns two members to the Imperial Parliament : two members are 

 also returned by the University of Trinity College. For purposes of 

 police the city and it* dependencies are divided into i districts, 

 placed in charge of 2 commissioners, 7 superintendents, and 24 

 inspector*, with 100 sergeant*, 1000 constables, and 20 supernume- 

 raries, Tho North Dublin Union comprises 9 electoral divisions, with 

 area of 41,187 acres, and a population in 1851 of 135,182. The 

 South Dublin Union comprises 8 electoral divisions, with an area of 

 48,523 acre*, and a population of 183,594. 



The early history of Dublin is involved in great obscurity. It is 

 generally agreed that the city named Eblana in the geography of 

 Ptolenucus occupied the site of Dublin ; and the name Eblana, as well 

 as the name* Dublin, Dyflin, and Dyvclin, which nn< met with in 

 historical document*, all seem to be corruptions of the Irish Dubh-linn, 

 which signifies Black -pool. The .city was held in early times by the 

 Vikingr-Ostmen. who built a citadel here and carried on constant 

 predatory warfare with the native Irish. In 845 the Dane* <<- 

 in Dublin, demolished the citadel, and slaughtered or subjected its 

 Norwegian inhabitants. For more than two ccuturic* the Danes of 

 Dublin continued to wage war with the native Irish, causing much 

 devastation and bloodshed. 



The history of Dublin since the Anglo-Norman invasion in 1170 



