- : 



DUNBLANK. 





Trrai-ur. r . f S<-otlnml to Jamil VI. Tlicre an two chapels Tor 

 United Presbyterians, one for the Free Church, and oat for Met 1 

 There an two commodious Burgh schools and two Parochial school*, 

 a mechanics institution and library, and a rubscriptinn library. The 

 curing of herring* u carried on to a large extent, many fishermen 

 from the neighbourhood resorting to Dunbar with tl.i> produce of 

 their industry. The North British railway has a station at Dunbar. 

 The harbour ba* been much enlarged. A weekly corn-market and 

 several annual fain an held. 



The principal object of antiquarian interest i> the ruined castle of 

 Dunbar, which stands upon high rocks at tin- entranco of the harbour. 

 The town-house is also an old building. Dunbar wu made a royal 

 burgh by David II., and the place has been the scene of many 

 interesting events in Scottish hintory. The siege and heroic defence 

 of tin- castle by Black Agnes, countess of Dunbar, U one of the moat 

 remarkable incidents of the Scottish wars. 



(Xtw fVatittical Account of Scotland ; Miller, Ifalory of Dmbar, 

 1830; Wynton, Ckrmiclt ; Tytlcr, Ilittory of Scotland ; Communica- 

 tion from l>unbar.) 



DUNBLANE. [PERTHSHIRE.] 



DDNDALK, tho capital of the county of Louth, Ireland, a muni- 

 cipal and parliamentary borough, an assize, market, and sea-port town, 

 and the seat of a Poor- Law Union, in the pariah of Dundalk, is beauti- 

 fully situated at the mouth of the river Costleton, in 54 1' N. lat, 

 24' W. long., distant 50 miles N. by W. from Dublin. The popu- 

 lation of the borough in 1851 was 9995. The borough is governed by 

 a bailiff and 10 burgesses, and returns one member to the Imperial 

 Parliament The lighting and watching of the town are managed by 

 commiwionem. Dundalk Poor-Law Union comprises 19 electoral 

 divisions, with an area of 104,359 acres, and a population in 1851 of 

 63,750. 



Dundalk was the scene of many battles before the final subjection 

 of Ireland. For a short time it was the residence of Edward Bruce, 

 who, after his conquest of this town, was crowned here, and held bis 

 court until the fatal battle in which he lost his life. The streets of 

 Dundalk are long and spacious, and contain some good shops and 

 houses ; but a large part of the town is exceedingly poor and wretched. 

 The parish church is a large and ancient edifice. There are places of 

 worship for Roman Catholics, Presbyterians, and Wesleyan Methodists ; 

 three Endowed schools, an infirmary, a court-house, a jail, a market- 

 bouse, a new county prison, and a savings bank. The town is paved 

 and lighted. Tobacco, soap, leather, and pins are manufactured. 

 Tiiiilx-r, coal, iron, and slate, with cattle, grain, butter, and eggs, 

 which form the chief trade, are exported by steam-Teasels, which ply 

 regularly between this port and Liverpool. The port and harbour 

 have been recently improved at a considerable expense. A light- 

 boose, on the screw-pile principle, was erected in 1849. There were 

 on the 31st of December, 1852, registered as belonging to Dundalk 23 

 vessel ii with an aggregate tonnage of 1871, and 2 steamers with an 

 aggregate tonnage of 844. The number and tonnage of vessels entered 

 ami cleared at the port during 1852 were : Inwards, sailing-vessels 519, 

 tonnage 86,928 ; steam-vessels 109, tonnage 47,782 : outwards, sailing- 

 vessels 224, tonnage 17.074 ; steam-vessels 105, tonnage 46,235. 

 Fishing is carried on to a small extent The assizes are held here, 

 also quarter and potty sessions. The market is on Monday ; faint are 

 held on the 1 7th of May and the third Wednesday of every other 

 month in the year. 



(Frascr, Handbook of Ireland; Thorn, Irith Almanac.) 



DUNDA8. [CANADA.] 



DUNDEE, Forfarshire, Scotland, a royal and parliamentary burgh, 

 market-town, and sea-port, in situated on the left bank of the tcstuary 

 of the river Tay, in 50" 27' N. lat, 2 68' W. long., distant 42 miles 

 N.N.K. from Edinburgh by road, and 47 miles by tho Edinburgh, 

 Perth, and Dundee railway. The population of the burgh in 1851 

 wu 78,831. The town is governed by a provost, 4 bailies, and 16 

 councillors, and returns one member to the Imperial Parliament. 



Dundee is a place of considerable antiquity. From a fishing-village 

 it became a fortress with walls, gates, and castle, and was the residence 

 of several kings of Scotland. It was made a royal burgh by William I. 

 in 1184. The Cowgate port or gate is the only trace of the ancient 

 fortification* In the various civil wan which desolated Scotland, 

 Dundee suffered severely. In 1651, when it wu sacked and burned, 

 it wu one of the richest towns in Scotland. It is built on ground 

 which rises gradually from the edge of the river or swtuary, the sum- 

 mit behind the town reaching a height of 600 feet The town is also 

 protected on the east side, and from the proximity of the great North 

 8ea the temperature is considerably modified, and preserves a nearly 

 uniform range throughout the different seasons. The town is rather 

 irregularly built Like the generality of old towns in Scotland, it 

 originally consisted of one long street, and wu the residence for part 

 of the year of people of rank. The older street* an narrow, and the 

 BOOM* in than packed together. From the market-place, or II igh- 

 straet, the other leading (tracts run nearly parallel with the river. 

 In the High-street are the town-hall, a plain edifice with a steeple, 

 and piauu below, and the exchange and reading-room, a Grecian 

 structure. In the Ncthergate stand the old goluic tower or steeple of 

 Ihindee (160 feet high) and the three contiguous churches of tho 

 Establishment The old cathedral of Dundee, erected, it is said, by 



Daviil, earl i.f 11' in 11 !.">, ft,. ml n tin- it- 



churches, and contained four places of worship. The pn)>li 

 naries occupy an elegant building in the Grecian style, recently erected. 

 In Dock -street are the custom-house and a triumphal arch erected to 

 commemorate the first landing of Queen Victoria at Dundee. Several 

 handsome streets have been opened within the lost few yean, and 

 great improvement/ have been otherwise effected in the appearr 

 the town. Including the churches already noticed, there are 8 churches 

 of the Establishment in Dundee, 11 uf the Free Church, 6 belonging 

 to United Presbyterians, 3 to Independent!!, an Episcopal chapel, in 

 which the bishop of Brechin officiates, a Roman Catholic chn| 

 chapels belonging to some of the smaller bodies of Dissenters. The 

 Infirmary, established in 1795, the Lunatic Asylum, the Ragged and 

 Industrial school, the Orphan Institution, a savings bank, and an asso- 

 ciation for providing lodgings for the working classes, are among tho 

 benevolent institutions of the town. An extensive new building for 

 the Infirmary, occupying three sides of a square, is in the Tudor style. 

 Dundee is lighted with gas ; a plentiful supply of water is brought 

 from Monikie, about 15 miles distant 



The commerce of Dundee hag varied considerably in its character- 

 istic features. About 60 years ago 7000/. worth of shoes were annually 

 exported. This trade is now extinct At one time the cotton manu- 

 facture was carried on, and was succeeded by the woollen ; but tho 

 permanently prosperous trade of the town has been that arising from 

 the linen manufacture, of which it is now the chief seat. In 1745 

 there were imported into Dundee 74 tons of flax ; in 1815 the quan- 

 tity of flax and hemp imported wu about 3000 tons : the annual 

 imports amount at present to upwards of 35,000 tons of flax and hemp, 

 and 13,000 tons of jute. In 1745 the exports of manufactured linen 

 amounted to 10,000 pieces; in 1822 there were exported 263,403 

 pieces ; it is calculated that the exports ore now upwards of a million 

 pieces, each piece containing on an average about 120 yards. The 

 manufacture comprises Osnaburgg, sheetings, canvass, and other coarse 

 descriptions of linen cloth. The annual value of the lineu manufac- 

 ture is estimated at between three and four millions sterling. About 

 40 flax-spinning steam-power mills ore in the town and vicinity. 



A short distance above the town the river Tay widens into a largo 

 (estuary or frith, which has much the appearance of an inland lake. 

 Dundee has consequently been for a long period an important mari- 

 time port On December 31st, 1852, there were registered as belonging 

 to the port, 36 sailing-vessels under 50 tons, tonnage 1179, an 

 above 50 tons, tonnage 56,418 ; with one steam-vessel of 36 tons, and 

 8 steam-vessels of 1660 tons. During 1852 there entered the port in 

 the coasting trade : Sailing-vessels 1479, tonnage 123,584 ; steam- 

 vessels 148, tonnage 28,704 : and there cleared : Sailing-vessels 401, 

 tonnage 87,977 ; and steam-vessels 150, tonnage 28,191. In the colo- 

 nial and foreign trade there entered 411 vessels, tonnage 63,249, and 

 cleared 278 vessels, tonnage 44,806. Earl Grey's Dock, King William's 

 Dock, and Victoria Dock afford ample accommodation for the shipping 

 of the port Facilities alike for building and repairing ships exist. 

 There are several large establishments for themanufactureof machinery. 

 Since 1815 the harbour trustees have effected great improvements in 

 the harbour. The Frith of Tay is two miles in width opposite the 

 town ; there are many dangerous sandbanks in the (estuary, but they 

 are avoided by means of excellent charts of the soundings, two 

 lighthouses, and several beacons. 



(New Statittical Account of Scotland ; Communication from Dumlr/:) 



DUNFANAQHY, county of Donegal, Ireland, a market-town and 

 the seat of a Poor- Law Union, in the parish of Clondehorky :.nd 

 barony of Kilmacrconan, is situated in 65 13' N. lat, 7 58' W. long., 

 distant 150 miles N.W. by N. from Dublin. The population in 1851 

 wu 751, inclusive of 162 in the Union workhouse. Dunfunoghy Poor- 

 Law Union comprises 10 electoral divisions, with an area of 125,666 

 acres, and a population in 1851 of 17,392. 



The town is situated at the mouth of Dunfnnaghy Harbour, which 

 forms part of the Sheephavcn, close to the peninsula of Horn Head, 

 and is surrounded by bold and rocky scenery of great beauty and 

 grandeur. There is here a small fishery. The entrance to the harbour 

 is very dangerous at low water from a bar across its mouth, l.nt tie- 

 harbour itself is perfectly secure. Large quantities of corn are ex ; 

 from the quay. A market is held weekly, and fairs are held in .line , 

 August, October, and November. 



(Fraser, Handbook of Inland ; Thorn, Irith, Almanac.) 



DUNFKKMLINE, Fifeshire, Scotland, a royal burgh and market- 

 town, is situated in 56 6' N. lat, 3 27' W. long., about 24 miles 

 N. by K from the tcstuary at Charlestown and at Limekilns, two small 

 ports in tho parish, and 16 miles N.W. from Edinburgh. The popu- 

 lation of the royal burgh in 1451 wu 8577 ; that of the parliamentary 

 burgh wu 13,836. The affairs of the town are managed by a provost, 

 4 bailies, and 17 councillors. Conjointly with Culross, Inverkeithing, 

 South Queensferry, and Stirling, tho burgh returns one member to 

 the Imperial Parliament 



Dunfermline is a neat and well-built town. The streets art paved, 

 and the town is lighted with gas. The finest building is the 

 Abbey church, finished in 1821, and built in consequence of tho decay 

 of the old abbey or parish church, which now forms a porch to the 

 new structure. The Burgh Commercial and the M'Lean schools, a 

 poor-house, and a prison, are buildings of recent erection. An enormous 



