I:LIZAHKT<;U\I>. 



ELY. 



901 



town* and villages; the only fortified city wni tlia cipiul Klin. 

 Thin city wa* originally called Ephyra, and, according to Colonel 

 Leake, changed it* name in the time of Oxylus. It stood at the 

 foot of the hill now called Kaloskopi (the Venetian ' Belvidere'), 

 on which wu the acropolis of the city. In the ancient city was a 

 famous gymnasium, the largest in Greece, in which tho athlebe who 

 contended in the Olympic game* were obliged to undergo a month'* 

 preparatory tr .inin .. There were beaide* several temple* and stops, a 

 theatre, in the agora (which also serred as a hippodrome) were various 

 i ; and on the acropolis was a temple of Athena in which was a 



Coin of Klin. 

 IJriti.h Xuscum. Actual Siit. Silver. Weight, 183f, grains. 



statue by Phidias of the goddess in gold and ivory. When Pausanios 

 visited Eli* the city was one of the most magnificent and populous in 

 Greece. Now little more remains of it than " several masses of Roman 

 tile and mortar, with many wrought blocks of stone and fragments of 

 sen! ptiire scattered over a space of two or three miles in circumference." 

 (Leake, i. p. 5.) On its site are two or three collections of mean houses, 

 which together are called Palcopolit. 



(Leake, Trarrlt in Mono, ; Curtius, Pcloponrutot.) 



ELIZABETGRAD. [CHERSON.] 



RLLBHBOROUQH. [CUMBERLAND.] 



ELLE8MKKE, Shropshire, a market-town, and the seat of a Poor- 

 Law Union, in the parish of Ellesmere, and Ellesmere division of 

 Pimhill hundred, is situated in 52 54' N. lat, 2 52' W. long., distant 

 19 miles N.Jf.W. from Shrewsbury, and 169 miles N.W. from London 

 by road. The population of the town in 1851 was 2087. The living 

 is a vicarage in the archdeaconry of Salop and diocese of LichtieM. 

 Ellesmere Poor- Law Union contains 17 parishes and townships, with 

 an area of 70,974 acres, and a population in 1851 of 15,226. 



Ellesmere owes its name to the beautiful mere or lake close to 

 which it stand*. The manor was granted by King John to Llewellyn, 

 prince of North Wales, who married Joan, the king's daughter ; but it 

 seems only to have been held at the will of the king. In the reign of 

 Elizabeth it was alienated to Thomas Egerton, who was afterwards Lord 

 Chancellor, and was created Baron of Ellesmere. There are no remains 

 of the castle ; the eminence on which it stood is now used as a bowling 

 green. The town is neat and clean, and lighted with gas. The church 

 is large, partly of the 1 4th century, but various portions are of later 

 dates. The nave, which was rebuilt in 1849, is in the early decorated 

 style. The Independents and Wesleyan and Primitive Methodist* 

 have places of worship. There are National schools ; a school at the 

 Independent chapel ; a church school ; a dispensary, a provident 

 society, a mechanics institute, and a savings bank. The market is 

 held on Tuesday ; flax and stockings are the principal articles sold. 

 Malting and tanning are carried on. Six fairs are held in the year. 

 The Ellesmere and Chester Canal is of great importance to the trade 

 of the town. 



(Communication from Elletmere.) 



KLLICHPO'OR, a principal city in the province of Berar, is situated 

 in 21 14' N. lat, and 77 19' E. long., about 100 miles W. from Nag- 

 pore. It lie* in the Doab, between the Sarpan and the Beechun rivers, 

 which form a junction near Ellichpoor, anil afterwards fall into the 

 Pooroa. This city is held, together with a small surrounding territory, 

 by a petty chief, who is nominally dependent upon the Nizam of 

 Hyderabad, but is tinder the protection of the English. The palace of 

 the chief i* a handsome and commodious building, and the bazaars 

 and house* in the vicinity are built of brick. The rest of the city 

 coosisU of mud houses. 



ELI.OHK. ICotOAM, NORTHEKS.] 

 IN A. (OoLD COAST.] 



Ki.'HiA, <,r KLLO'RA, a town situated near the city of Dowle- 

 Ubad, in 20* 1' N. lat, and 75* 13' E. long. It forms a part of the 

 Nizam's dominions, these being under British protection. This place 

 was ooo* of considerable importance. It is to the excavations near 

 the town that Elora owes iu celebrity. These excavations, which 

 occur in a mountain about a mile to the east of the town, were 

 formerly Hindoo temples of great sanctity, although they are now 

 never vwited except from curiosity. They are cut out of the solid rock, 

 and the labour which they cost mint have been prodigiously great 

 The largest cave, which i* called the Kailaaa, i* 247 feet long and 160 

 feat wide. It contain* sculptures of almost every deity of the Hindoo 

 mythology, and most of them of colossal ail*. Thin chamber contains 

 the Oreat Temple, which i* a monolith, or solid piece of rock hollowed 

 out ; it is 103 feet long, and it* greatest breadth is 61 feet; its interior 

 height is 18 feet; but its exterior rise* in a pyramidal form to the 



height of more than 100 feet There are several other large temple-cave* 

 in .litlcrent parts of the mountain. There are also numerous smaller 

 excavations without sculptures. The date of the excavation of these 

 cave* is unknown ; they were probably constructed at various times 

 and by different prince*. 



(Seely, Wonderi of Ellora ; Aiiatic Rtttartktt, vol. vl ; Tratuactiont 

 of La. Soe. of Bombay, voL iii.) 



K.I. I'll IN, Roscommon, a post and market-town, and the seat of a 

 bishop, in the parish of Elphin, is situated in 53 50' N. lat, 8 10' 

 W. long., distant about 1 4 miles N. from Rosoommon, and 77 miles 

 W.N.W. from Dublin. The population of the town iu 1851 was 1229. 

 The town consists chiefly of one long irregular street of rather mean 

 houses. The cathedral and the bishop's palace, which are seen from 

 a considerable distance, give a picturesque appearance to the town. 

 The cathedral is a plain bull ling, 80 feet long, and 28 foel in breadth ; 

 it has a square tower ; the interior of the structure is rather neat 

 The bishop s residence is an old building situated on the summit of 

 the ridge on which the town stands. There is a dispensary here for 

 the Carrick-on-Shannon Poor-Law Union. Four fairs are held in the 

 course of the year. 



The chapter consists of a dean, precentor, archdeacon, ami 

 prebendaries. The see of Elphin was founded about the end of tlie 

 5th century by St Patrick, who set over it Asic as its first i 

 Aaic, like many others of the primitive Irish bishops, was a ili -tin- 

 guished worker in metals. Elphin is now united to the diocese of 

 KILMORE and Ardogh. 



ELSINORE, or ELSINEUR, in Danish IIMngor, a sea-port 

 town in the Danish island of Seeland, is situated at the narrowest 

 part and on the west shore of the Sound, opposite the Swedish town 

 of Helsingborg, from which it is three miles distant, in 66* 2' 11 

 N. lat, 12 36' 49" E. long., and has about 8000 inhabitants. It ii 

 here the Danish government collects the Sound dues from all merchant 

 vessels except those belonging to Sweden and Denmark. [BALTIC.] 

 On a tongue of land east of it is tho castle and fortress of Kronborg, 

 the guns of which command the Sound in all directions. The castle 

 is built of white stone in the gothic style. From the top of the great 

 tower or from the lighthouse which rises at the north-western angle 

 of the court-yard, fine views of the strait and neighbouring countries 

 may be obtained. At a short distance to the north-west of the town 

 is a handsome palace called Morienlyst, with an hospital for seamen, 

 built upon a commanding eminence close to it The pleasure-grounds 

 of the palace are open to the public, and command noble views. 

 Elsinore itself is an open town, and has been much improved of late 

 years. It consists of a main street of considerable length, with .- 

 lateral streets. The harbour is accessible to ships of small draught 

 The town contains two churches, a town-hall and high school, an 

 infirmary and hospital, a theatre, and a quarantine establishment 

 Independently of a good foreign trade, the townsmen are eni| 

 in making straw hats, arms, refined sugar, brandy, &c., in j 

 cottons, and in the fisheries. The harbour is formed by a wooden 

 pier. Elsinore is about 22 miles N. from Copenhagen, with which 

 it is connected by electro-telegraphic wires. It was the birthplace 

 of Saxo Grammaticus, a celebrated writer of the 12th century, and 

 is the scene of Shakspere's tragedy of ' Hamlet.' Foreign consuls 

 reside at Elsinoro. Caroline Matilda, wife of Christian VII. <>f 

 Denmark, was imprisoned on a charge of adultery in the castle of 

 Kronlioix until the interference of her brother, George III. <>f Ki^bm.l, 

 procured her removal to Zcll. Under the castle are casemates capable 

 of holding 1000 men. The vaults beneath are the fabled reside 

 Holger Danske, the great mythic hero of the Danes. Steamers ply 

 to Copenhagen daily, and Swedish, English, and Russian steamers to 

 ports in the Baltic, call at Elsinore. In hard winters the Sound is 

 I'lM/.-n MNtJ, 



ELSTER. [ELBE.] 



Ml. STOW. [BEDFORDSHIRE.] 



ELTHAM. [KENT.] 



KI.VAS. [ALEMTKJO.] 



KI.Y, Cambridgeshire, an episcopal city, market-town, and the scat 

 of a Poor-Law Union, is situated in 52 24' N. lat, 15' E. long., 

 distant 16 miles N.N.E. from Cambridge, 67 miles N. 1>\ !'. 

 London by rood, and 721, miles by the Eastern Counties railway. 

 The population of the city of Ely in 1851 was 6176. For sanitary 

 purposes the city is governed by a Local Board of Health. The livings 

 are perpetual curacies in the archdeaconry and diocese of Ely. Ely 

 Poor-Law Union contains 13 parishes and 1 chnpclry, with an area of 



82,270 acres, and a population in 1851 of 22,816. 



ly is the capital of tl 

 the Isle of Ely, in tho northern part of the county. Ethel' 



Ely is the capital of that division of Cambridgeshire which is called 



daughter of Anna, king of East Anglia, and wife of Oswy, king of 

 Northumberland, retired here about the year 670, and soon 

 founded a monastery, of which she became the abbess. In fe7 

 abbey was pillaged and destroyed by the Danes, and its revenues wen- 

 annexed to the crown. In 970 Edgar granted the isle to KthelwoM, 

 bishop of Winchester, who rebuilt the monastery, and pruviileil it 

 with monks. After repeated attacks of William the Conqueror, the 

 inhabitants, who made a gallant defence, were obliged to surrender ; 

 many of them were put to the sword, and most of the valuable 

 furniture and jewels of the monastery were seized ; but through tho 



