Geology 



change in level occurred with the position of the fault 

 on Shale Creek, we found that the line passed along 

 the face of the precipitous rock behind the Hermitage. 



The journey back to the main river was accomplished 

 much more rapidly than the outward one, as we were 

 now travelling with the current. On the way we met 

 our second party with the provisions, and decided 

 therefore to explore East River, the tributary on the 

 east side of the Hutton. To reach the mouth of this we 

 had first to travel a short distance up the river from the 

 mouth of Shale Creek. 



The dip of the rocks in the lower part of the course 

 of East River was down-stream, and thus we might 

 expect to meet with rocks older than the Coal Measures 

 as we reached its higher waters. 



Shales and ganisters similar to those seen in Shale 

 Creek formed the banks of the river during the first part 

 of the journey, which lay across a rolling plain. Then, 

 with a change to hilly country, there appeared a very 

 coarse-grained sandstone or grit, in which some of the 

 grains, which were angular in character, were so large as 

 to warrant the name of pebbles. 



Amongst the beds of grit occurred several beds 

 of shale with a few ill-preserved fossil shells. These 

 belonged to the Brachiopoda, and it was therefore evi- 

 dent that the beds were marine deposits, as no fresh- 

 water Brachiopods are known. 



In parts of the British Isles a series of coarse grits, 

 alternating with shales, occurs below the Coal Measures, 

 and is there known as the Millstone Grit, and as our 

 sandstones and shales are like in character and position 

 in the series we may adopt the name, though, of course, 



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