The Lake Fault Oil Gold 



several miles from the Hutton the stream flowed 

 through pine woods, then the ascent became steeper, 

 and soon exposures of shale containing Carboniferous 

 corals were seen. These shales were doubtless the 

 cause of the open nature of the country and the broad 

 valley of the Hutton, as they were soft and easily 

 weathered. 



The dip of the shales was 20 down stream, that 

 is away from the supposed line of the fault, which we 

 had evidently not yet crossed as we were still on 

 Carboniferous Rocks. In the next section the dip was 

 still in the same direction but had increased to 45, a 

 change which warned us that we were probably near 

 the fault and that we must keep a sharp look-out if 

 we were to locate its line exactly. 



The stream now widened, became shallow, and was 

 joined by a small tributary which flowed over the 

 Carboniferous shales. Immediately above the junction 

 of the two streams the water fell over a wall of rock 

 that, at first sight, looked like a dyke of igneous rock, 

 which, cutting across the stream course, formed a 

 barrier. 



This wall of rock, however, appeared on closer 

 examination to consist of angular and polished frag- 

 ments of Silurian grits with a few smaller ones of 

 limestone, the whole being cemented together by a 

 porcelain-like substance, which often showed striations. 

 This was, in fact, the fault rock on the actual line of 

 dislocation, and was immediately succeeded by grits 

 of Silurian age, which could be seen in the bed of the 

 stream within 20 feet of the exposure of Carboni- 

 ferous shales in the tributary. 



205 



