Geology 



the form of a crescent, having its convex side down- 

 stream. In the gravels were numerous scratched stones, 

 such as are found in the glacial deposits of Northern 

 Europe, and it soon became evident that the valley had 

 been formerly occupied by a glacier, of which this was 

 the terminal moraine. 



In one or two patches of fine sand which we found 

 in the moraine there were faint traces of gold, but on 

 the whole the gravels were barren. 



Above the moraine was an extensive flat, through 

 which the stream meandered, evidently the bed of a 

 former lake, of which the moraine had formed the dam. 

 The lake had been partially filled up by alluvium brought 

 down by the stream and eventually drained by the cut- 

 ting down of the channel through the obstruction. 



The alluvium appeared to be rather more promising 

 than the moraine gravels, but in this flat part of the 

 valley sections were small and few, and in consequence 

 we passed on to explore further. Beyond the lacustrine 

 deposits were gravels similar to those found in the 

 moraine, and again they appeared to be barren. 



This part of the valley was very unlike the portion 

 below the moraine. In the lower part the usual cross- 

 section was V-shaped, whereas here it was distinctly 

 U-shaped, the sides being precipitous and the small 

 tributary streams tumbling in over steep and lofty 

 waterfalls. 



About thirty miles from the camp we came upon a 

 magnificent waterfall almost equal in volume to the main 

 stream above the junction. This stream came in from 

 the north, and at the foot of the fall was spread out a 

 great fan of gravel containing large numbers of the 



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