4 o 4 GRAND STRATEGY OF EVOLUTION 



laws that govern animal life. Intelligence, the new 

 factor increasingly involved in its life and growth, does 

 not release man from the action of these laws, but 

 merely compels him to see them more clearly, and to 

 use them more rightly. What we call the govern- 

 ment of the state has been evolved out of many uncon- 

 scious, or semi-conscious, attempts to restrict and spe- 

 cialize individual conduct, the better to protect and 

 preserve the individual. So far as those attempts were 

 successful, they also created and preserved the system 

 of cooperative social functions we call the state. 



But the individual can never solve all his social 

 problems. Under the new conditions which arise in 

 successive stages of social development, it is increas- 

 ingly difficult for him to find an adequate outlet to his 

 purposes. Under the compulsion of the ever new 

 demands of growth, he can find that outlet only through 

 a still more intelligent, or purposeful, organization of 

 state functions. These directive and disciplinary phe- 

 nomena of social embryology are precisely like those in 

 a developing animal embryo, except that the unit actors 

 belong to different dimensional orders. 



The functions of the organic state are not less num- 

 erous and intricately interwoven than those of the hu- 

 man body. Nevertheless they may be conveniently 

 grouped into three great categories which will, at the 

 same time, serve to emphasize the three most important 

 groups of vital functions, namely: reproduction, meta- 

 bolism, and betterment. 



Social Reproduction. In animal life the repro- 

 ductive functions embrace all those conservational 



