THE NEW LEVIATHAN 405 



agencies which are included under the general terms 

 heredity and parental altruism. These reproductive 

 powers are wholly dependent on the endowment of the 

 next generation with approved germinal materials sup- 

 plemented by parental surplus in food materials, and 

 by parental administrative contributions which insure 

 the growth of their offspring and the production of an- 

 other life similar to that of the parent organism. 



Society extends and further enlarges these organic 

 parental endowments, by means of all those educational 

 provisions which insure the conservation and continuity 

 of her mental and physical possessions. Among these 

 provisions are included the exemptions of youth from 

 productive labor; their shelter and nutrition out of 

 social reserves ; libraries, museums, and many other in- 

 stitutions, not restricted to the constructive usages of 

 youth, and which embody in themselves the accumu- 

 lated profits of human labor and experience and the 

 enduring principles of constructive Tightness. 



Social Metabolism. In the animal organism 

 metabolism includes all those upbuilding (anabolic) 

 and consuming, or breaking down processes (katabolic) 

 which constitute the give and take, the altruism and 

 egoism, of protoplasmic life, and of internal organic 

 exchange. The extension of these vital exchanges, so 

 as to cover the larger reaches of time and space which 

 separate plant and animal organisms, constitutes the 

 social metabolism of nature-life. The more direct and 

 more closely interwoven give and take of commerce 

 and cultural life, providing power for its upbuilding, 

 for the wear and tear of exchange, and for the directive 



