422 APPENDIX 



the sinuous course of predatory action, and other actions less discriminating. 

 Thus the whole system is woven into that variegated plexus of success and 

 failure, tragedy and comedy, joys and sorrows, good and evil, which makes 

 up the cooperation functions of life and give it creative unity. 



And then man, a new nature-anarchist, the most modern pattern in this 

 moving-picture fabric, makes his appearance on the screen, and surrounded 

 by his satellites of cultural instruments, and with both positive and nega- 

 tive poles of his very material self flaming with the auroras of intelligence, 

 attempts to set this system which gave him birth to rights. 



He is little conscious of the source of his own endowments, or that his 

 ethics and morality, as manifest in his sporadic outbursts of social philan- 

 thropy and benevolence, are not his own institutions, but the compulsory 

 application of world-old constructive principles to his own peculiar affairs. 

 Nor is he fully conscious that his boasted material inventions and discoveries, 

 his canoes and battleships, his ovens, highways and machinery, his micro- 

 scopes, telephones, and telescopes, his commerce, literature, science, and art, 

 are but improvements, or enlargements, outside himself, of his own internal 

 organs and functions, and that he must use these cultural instruments, if 

 he would use them constructively, in precisely the same ways his vital 

 organs are used in his bodily growth and preservation. 



In their functioning, these cultural instruments extend, deeper into time 

 and farther across space, the power of his sense organs to discriminate be- 

 tween good and evil, and increase the range and velocity of the load his 

 muscles, blood vessels, nerves, and other bodily organs can move, or carry. 

 In other words they serve to increase the rate and diversity of the mutually 

 profitable exchange, mental and physical, between the human molecules of 

 social life, and between man and nature. They alone give man's social 

 life its cooperative unity and power, just as the cooperative action of mole- 

 cules, cells, and organs give unity and power to his body. Their saving 

 and constructive action is contingent on the growth and right usage of 

 intelligence, as the construction and preservation of his body is contingent 

 on the evolution of right reflex actions and instincts. 



And now, in this twentieth century of the historian's calendar when 

 the human blastoderm, for the first time in cosmic evolution, has practically 

 enclosed the terrestrial egg, filling in all the habitable surface of this cosmic 

 yolk-sphere, establishing its capillary network of highways, and its nerve 

 plexus of communication, joining its racial blood-islands and national 

 placodes into one organism humanity has ceased to be a germinal po- 

 tentiality, or a mere vision of the prophets. It has become a present and 

 very obvious reality, and the academic flickerings of the philosophic auroras 

 are now sufficiently luminous to be visible, as practical questions, to the 

 politician. Indeed there is still hope that some rays may eventually pass 

 the threshold of senatorial sensibility. 



But the man of normal social instincts and average intelligence, in spite 

 of himself, is now compelled to recognize this unity in human life and 

 nature, and the dependence of that unity on the fulfillment of mutual rights, 

 of mutual services, and mutual obligations. In this more humble state of 

 mind, he does not now ask "What will I do?" but "What must we do?" to 

 preserve social life and social structures. What is our protection against 

 the will to destroy? With destructive agencies everywhere now at hand 

 for those who have the will to use them, What shall be the compulsion to 

 constructive action? 



The answers to these questions can not be found in precedents, for 

 there are no precedents in the whole history of evolution for man's present 

 social conditions. The solution must be found in the intelligent application 



