Description and Distribution 189 



will be found to lie to one side of it. The heel of the black 

 bear is blunt and rounded, and a line from the middle of 

 the toe along the axis of the foot will exactly strike the 

 point of the heel. Again, in the grizzly's hind foot the 

 front line of the pad next to the toes is but slightly curved, 

 while in the case of the black bear it is rather strikingly 

 rounded out. The hind foot of the grizzly is also much 

 slenderer than that of the black bear. 



In comparison with the black bear, the grizzlies are 

 longer of body and straighter along the back, and do not 

 show the same marked hump over the haunches. They 

 are narrower in the forehead, their jaws are longer, and 

 their muzzles much less tapering. This latter characteristic 

 is very marked, and appears even in old bears that have 

 grown fat. Several of the flash-light pictures reproduced 

 in this volume show this square muzzle excellently. The 

 grizzly's fore legs also differ greatly in build from those of 

 the black bear, being smaller in the ankle and marked by 

 a heavy and symmetrical development of muscle. 



Another peculiarity of the species, also found in varying 

 degrees in the allied group of the Alaskan brown bears, is 

 the great length of the third incisor tooth on each side of 

 the upper jaw. This almost gives the grizzly the appear- 

 ance of having four upper canines, and the lower canines, 

 fitting in between these upper teeth, give him a peculiarly 

 formidable armament. 



The color of the grizzly bear has given rise to much dis- 

 cussion. This is no doubt partly due to the implication in 

 the common name of the animal, and partly to the unusual 

 and apparently endless variability of the species in this 

 respect. 



